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The pathogenesis of proventricular dilatation disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 February 2017

Ian Tizard Open the ORCID record for Ian Tizard [Opens in a new window] ,
H. L. Shivaprasad ,
Jianhua Guo ,
Samer Hameed ,
Judith Ball  and
Susan Payne
Ian Tizard*
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology and the Schubot Exotic Bird Health Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
H. L. Shivaprasad
Affiliation:
University of California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System-Tulare, University of California, Davis, Tulare, CA, USA
Jianhua Guo
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology and the Schubot Exotic Bird Health Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
Samer Hameed
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology and the Schubot Exotic Bird Health Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
Judith Ball
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology and the Schubot Exotic Bird Health Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
Susan Payne
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology and the Schubot Exotic Bird Health Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: itizard@cvm.tamu.edu
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Abstract

Bornaviruses cause neurologic diseases in several species of birds, especially parrots, waterfowl and finches. The characteristic lesions observed in these birds include encephalitis and gross dilatation of the anterior stomach — the proventriculus. The disease is thus known as proventricular dilatation disease (PDD). PDD is characterized by extreme proventricular dilatation, blockage of the passage of digesta and consequent death by starvation. There are few clinical resemblances between this and the bornaviral encephalitides observed in mammals. Nevertheless, there are common virus-induced pathogenic pathways shared across this disease spectrum that are explored in this review. Additionally, a review of the literature relating to gastroparesis in humans and the control of gastric mobility in mammals and birds points to several plausible mechanisms by which bornaviral infection may result in extreme proventricular dilatation.

Keywords

Proventricular dilatation diseaseparrot bornavirusachalasiamyenteric plexusvagus nerve
Type
Review Article
Information
Animal Health Research Reviews , Volume 17 , Issue 2 , December 2016 , pp. 110 - 126
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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