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Interaction between innate immunity and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2011

Yongming Sang ,
Raymond R. R. Rowland  and
Frank Blecha
Yongming Sang
Affiliation:
Departments of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
Raymond R. R. Rowland
Affiliation:
Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
Frank Blecha*
Affiliation:
Departments of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: blecha@vet.k-state.edu
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Abstract

Innate immunity provides frontline antiviral protection and bridges adaptive immunity against virus infections. However, viruses can evade innate immune surveillance potentially causing chronic infections that may lead to pandemic diseases. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an example of an animal virus that has developed diverse mechanisms to evade porcine antiviral immune responses. Two decades after its discovery, PRRSV is still one of the most globally devastating viruses threatening the swine industry. In this review, we discuss the molecular and cellular composition of the mammalian innate antiviral immune system with emphasis on the porcine system. In particular, we focus on the interaction between PRRSV and porcine innate immunity at cellular and molecular levels. Strategies for targeting innate immune components and other host metabolic factors to induce ideal anti-PRRSV protection are also discussed.

Keywords

innate antiviral immunityPRRSVinterferonvaccine
Type
Review Article
Information
Animal Health Research Reviews , Volume 12 , Issue 2 , December 2011 , pp. 149 - 167
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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