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Recent pre-harvest supplementation strategies to reduce carriage and shedding of zoonotic enteric bacterial pathogens in food animals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2007

T. R. Callaway ,
R. C. Anderson ,
T. S. Edrington ,
K. J. Genovese ,
R. B. Harvey ,
T. L. Poole  and
D. J. Nisbet
T. R. Callaway*
Affiliation:
Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, College Station, TX 77845, USA
R. C. Anderson
Affiliation:
Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, College Station, TX 77845, USA
T. S. Edrington
Affiliation:
Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, College Station, TX 77845, USA
K. J. Genovese
Affiliation:
Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, College Station, TX 77845, USA
R. B. Harvey
Affiliation:
Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, College Station, TX 77845, USA
T. L. Poole
Affiliation:
Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, College Station, TX 77845, USA
D. J. Nisbet
Affiliation:
Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, College Station, TX 77845, USA
*
*Feed and Food Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, 2881F & B Road, College Station, TX 77845, USA. E-mail: callaway@ffsru.tamu.edu
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Abstract

Food-borne bacterial illnesses strike more than 76 million North Americans each year. Many of these illnesses are caused by animal-derived foodstuffs. Slaughter and processing plants do an outstanding job in reducing bacterial contamination after slaughter and during further processing, yet food-borne illnesses still occur at an unacceptable frequency. Thus, it is imperative to widen the window of action against pathogenic bacteria. Attacking pathogens on the farm or in the feedlot will improve food safety all the way to the consumer’s fork. Because of the potential improvement in overall food safety that pre-harvest intervention strategies can provide, a broad range of preslaughter intervention strategies are currently under investigation. Potential interventions include direct anti-pathogen strategies, competitive enhancement strategies and animal management strategies. Included in these strategies are competitive exclusion, probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, antibacterial proteins, vaccination, bacteriophage, diet, and water trough interventions. The parallel and simultaneous application of one or more preslaughter strategies has the potential to synergistically reduce the incidence of human food-borne illnesses by erecting multiple hurdles, thus preventing entry of pathogens into the food chain. This review emphasizes work with Escherichia coli O157:H7 to illustrate the various strategies.

Keywords

interventionfood-borne diseasespathogens
Type
Review Article
Information
Animal Health Research Reviews , Volume 5 , Issue 1 , June 2004 , pp. 35 - 47
Copyright
Copyright © CAB International 2004

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