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Unleashing the literature: a scoping review of canine zoonotic and vectorborne disease research in Canis familiaris in North America

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 December 2020

Danielle A. Julien Open the ORCID record for Danielle A. Julien [Opens in a new window] ,
Jan M. Sargeant Open the ORCID record for Jan M. Sargeant [Opens in a new window] ,
Catherine Filejski ,
Ali M. Versluis ,
Victoria Waind  and
Sherilee L. Harper
Danielle A. Julien*
Affiliation:
Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada Centre for Public Health and Zoonoses, University of Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
Jan M. Sargeant
Affiliation:
Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada Centre for Public Health and Zoonoses, University of Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
Catherine Filejski
Affiliation:
Office of Chief Medical Officer of Health, Public Health, Ontario Ministry of Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Ali M. Versluis
Affiliation:
Research and Scholarship Team, University of Guelph McLaughlin Library, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
Victoria Waind
Affiliation:
Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
Sherilee L. Harper
Affiliation:
Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R3, Canada
*
Author for correspondence: Danielle A. Julien, Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada. E-mail: juliend@uoguelph.ca
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Abstract

Domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) provide important benefits to human beings but can also transmit pathogens. Information on the breadth of canine zoonoses and vectorborne research in North America is scarce. A scoping review was conducted to examine (1) the number and type of canine zoonoses and vectorborne studies in domestic dogs conducted in North America since the start of the 21st century; (2) the main research methods reported; (3) the Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI) countries in which research was conducted; and (4) whether collaborative integrated terminology was reported in objectives or methods sections. Title/abstract screening, full-text screening, and data-charting were completed by two reviewers. We identified 507 publications evaluating 43 zoonotic or vectorborne pathogens in domestic dogs. Most studies (n = 391 of 512 (76.37%)) were conducted in the USA. The five most frequently researched pathogens were Ehrlichia spp. (n = 81 of 507 (15.98%)), Borrelia burgdorferi (n = 64 of 507 (12.62%)), Leptospira spp. (n = 54 of 507 (10.65%)), Rabies virus (n = 42 of 507 (8.28%)), and Influenza viruses (n = 41 of 507 (8.09%)). These pathogens can cause moderate to severe health outcomes in human beings and in dogs irrespective of IHDI ranking; our review highlights important counts of research conduct among North American countries.

Keywords

Canis familiariscollaborative approachdomestic dogIHDIInequality-adjusted Human Development IndexNorth Americascoping reviewzoonosis
Type
Review Article
Information
Animal Health Research Reviews , Volume 22 , Issue 1 , June 2021 , pp. 26 - 39
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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