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Vaccine development for protecting swine against influenza virus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 December 2012

Qi Chen ,
Darin Madson ,
Cathy L. Miller  and
D.L. Hank Harris
Qi Chen
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Ames, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Iowa, USA
Darin Madson
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
Cathy L. Miller
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Ames, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Iowa, USA
D.L. Hank Harris*
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA Harrisvaccines Inc., Ames, Iowa, USA
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: hharris@harrisvaccines.com
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Abstract

Influenza virus infects a wide variety of species including humans, pigs, horses, sea mammals and birds. Weight loss caused by influenza infection and/or co-infection with other infectious agents results in significant financial loss in swine herds. The emergence of pandemic H1N1 (A/CA/04/2009/H1N1) and H3N2 variant (H3N2v) viruses, which cause disease in both humans and livestock constitutes a concerning public health threat. Influenza virus contains eight single-stranded, negative-sense RNA genome segments. This genetic structure allows the virus to evolve rapidly by antigenic drift and shift. Antigen-specific antibodies induced by current vaccines provide limited cross protection to heterologous challenge. In pigs, this presents a major obstacle for vaccine development. Different strategies are under development to produce vaccines that provide better cross-protection for swine. Moreover, overriding interfering maternal antibodies is another goal for influenza vaccines in order to permit effective immunization of piglets at an early age. Herein, we present a review of influenza virus infection in swine, including a discussion of current vaccine approaches and techniques used for novel vaccine development.

Keywords

immune responselive attenuatedDNAsubunitvectoredreplicon particle
Type
Review Article
Information
Animal Health Research Reviews , Volume 13 , Issue 2 , December 2012 , pp. 181 - 195
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

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