Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T19:27:35.246Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Digestion and absorption of carotenoids in sheep given fresh red clover

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

N. Cardinault ,
M. Doreau ,
C. Poncet  and
P. Nozière
N. Cardinault
Affiliation:
Unité de Recherches sur les Herbivores, INRA, Theix, 63122, St Genès-Champanelle, France
M. Doreau
Affiliation:
Unité de Recherches sur les Herbivores, INRA, Theix, 63122, St Genès-Champanelle, France
C. Poncet
Affiliation:
Unité de Recherches sur les Herbivores, INRA, Theix, 63122, St Genès-Champanelle, France
P. Nozière*
Affiliation:
Unité de Recherches sur les Herbivores, INRA, Theix, 63122, St Genès-Champanelle, France
*
†Email: noziere@clermont.inra.fr
Get access

Abstract

Digestion and absorption of carotenoids were studied in sheep given, twice daily, fresh red clover. Digestive fluxes were measured in six sheep cannulated in the rumen, duodenum and ileum using the double marker technique. Another five sheep were fitted with catheters allowing nutrient net flux measurements across the portal-drained viscera. Carotenoids in the red clover consisted of lutein (136 μg/g dry matter (DM)), epilutein (40 μg/g DM), trans-β-carotene (16 μg/g DM) and 13-cis-β-carotene (13 μg/g DM). Intake was 174, 52, 21 and 17 mg/day, and faecal excretion was 181, 25, 50 and 41 mg/day, for lutein, epilutein, trans- and 13-cis-β-carotene respectively, indicating net production of β-carotene in the digestive tract. The difference between duodenum and intake was positive for all carotenoids (30, 4, 43 and 37 g for lutein, epilutein, trans-β-carotene and 13-cis-β-carotene, respectively) suggesting net production and/or release of carotenes and xanthophylls by rumen microbes. Apparent digestibility in the small and large intestines was 0·18 and −0·05 for lutein, 0·30 and 0·29 for epilutein, 0·39 and 0·26 for trans-β-carotene, 0·53 and 0·21 for 13-cis-β-carotene. Only lutein and epilutein were recovered in arterial plasma, at a concentration of 14·3 and 10·8 μg/l, respectively. Their portal net appearance was not different from 0, suggesting that absorption occurred mainly via the lymphatic system.

Keywords

absorptioncarotenoidsdigestionsheep
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Science , Volume 82 , Issue 1 , February 2006 , pp. 49 - 55
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 2006

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Boling, J. A. A., Mitchell, G. E. J. A., Little, C. O. A., Fields, C. L. A. and Call, J. L. A. 1969. Secretion of metabolites of vitamin A and β carotene in the bile of sheep. Journal of Animal Science 29: 504–508.Google Scholar
Bratton, C. A. and Marshall, E. K. 1939. A new coupling component for sulfanil-amide determination. Journal of Biological Chemistry 128: 537–550.Google Scholar
Cardinault, N., Doreau, M. and Noziére, P. 2004. Devenir des caroténoïdes dans le rumen. 11emesrencontres recherche ruminants, p. 82 (abstr.).Google Scholar
Chanda, R., Clapham, H. M., McNaught, M. L. and Owen, E. C. 1951. The digestibility of carotene by the cow and the goat as affected by thyroxine and thiouracil. Biochemical Journal 50: 95–99.Google Scholar
Fernandez, S. Cohen, Budowski, P., Ascarelli, I., Neumark, H. and Bondi, A. 1976. Low utilization of carotene by sheep. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 46: 446–453.Google Scholar
Dawson, R. M. C. and Hemington, N. 1974. Digestion of grass lipids and pigments in the sheep rumen. British Journal of Nutrition 32: 327–340.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dufresne, C., Cormier, F. and Dorion, S. 1997. in vitro formation of crocetin glucosyl esters by Crocus sativus callus extract. Planta Medica 63: 150–153.Google Scholar
Faichney, G. J. 1980. The use of markers to measure digesta flow from the stomach of sheep fed once daily. Journal of Biological Chemistry 128: 537–550.Google Scholar
Hackett, A. M. 1986. The metabolism of flavonoid compounds in mammals. Progress Clinical Biological Research 213: 177–194.Google Scholar
Havemose, M. S., Weisbjerg, M. R., Bredie, W. L. P. and Nielsen, J. H. 2004. Influence of feeding different types of roughage on the oxidative stability of milk. International Dairy Journal 14: 563–570.Google Scholar
Hencken, H. 1992. Chemical and physiological behavior of feed carotenoids and their effects on pigmentation. Poultry Science 71: 711–717.Google Scholar
Hjarde, W., Nielsen, J. and Protnikkof, O. 1954. Utilization of carotene by diary cows. Acta Agriculturæ Scandinavica 4: 3–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoppe, D. P. and SchonerF, J. 1987. Application of carotenoids to animal nutrition and bioavailability of synthetic b-carotene in laboratory animals and calves. In Eighth international symposium on caro-tenoids, Boston, MA, p. 53 (abstr.).Google Scholar
Hoppe, P., Tiews, J., Last, W., Klee, W. and Koch, G. 1972. Plant carotenoids as an indicator of the determination of green forage digestibility in ruminants. Futtermittelkunde 30: 65–76.Google Scholar
Hume, I. D., Mitchell, G. E., Tucker, R. E. Jr 1971. Biliary and urinary excretion and enterohepatic recycling of vitamin A in sheep. Journal of Nutrition 101: 1169–1175.Google Scholar
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique. 1989. Ruminant nutrition recommended allowances and feed tables, Jarrige edition. INRA, Paris.Google Scholar
Isserty, A., Ortigues, I., Rémond, D. 1998. Measure of splanchnic blood flow by marker dilution: comparison of 4 methods of para-aminohippuric acid determination. Reproduction Nutrition Development 38: 93–106.Google Scholar
Ivanov, A. A. 1994. Transformation of carotene in the rumen of ruminants. Izvestiya Timiryazevskoi SelSkokhozyaistvennoi Akademii 1: 173–181.Google Scholar
Katz, M. L. and Bergman, E. N. 1969. Hepatic and portal metabolism of glucose, free fatty acids, and ketone bodies in the sheep. American Journal of Physiology 216: 953–960.Google Scholar
Keating, E. K., Hale, W. H., Hubbert, F. Jr. 1964. in vitro degradation of vitamin A and carotene by rumen liquor. Journal of Animal Sciences 23: 111–117.Google Scholar
King, T. B., Lohman, T. G. and Smith, G. S. 1962. Evidence of rumino-reticular losses of vitamin A and carotene Journal of Animal Science 21 abstr 1002Google Scholar
Kumar, M. N. A., Sundareshan, K. and Sampath, S. R. 1981. Effect of feeding varying quantities of forages on vitamin A content of blood and milk of cows. Indian Journal of Animal Science 51: 21–25.Google Scholar
Lisiewska, Z., Kmiecik, W. and Slupski, J. 2004. Contents of chlorophylls and carotenoids in frozen dill: effect of usable part and pre-treatment on the content of chlorophylls and carotenoids in frozen dill (Anethum graveolens L.), depending on the time and temperature of storage. Food Chemistry 84: 511–518.Google Scholar
Liu, B. H. and Lee, Y. K. 2000. Secondary carotenoids formation by the green alga chlorococcum SP. Journal of Applied Psychology 12: 301–307.Google Scholar
Lyan, B., Azais-Braesco, V., Cardinault, N., Tyssandier, V., Borel, P., Alexandre-Gouabau, M. C. and Grolier, P. 2001. Simple method for clinical determination of 13 carotenoids in human plasma using an isocratic high-performance liquid chromatographic method. Journal of Chromatography B 751: 297–303.Google Scholar
McGillivray, W. A. 1951. The apparent intestinal synthesis of carotene by sheep. British Journal of Nutrition 5: 223–228.Google Scholar
Martin, B., Cornu, A., Kondjoyan, N., Ferlay, A., Verdier-Metz, I., Pradel, P., Rock, E., Chilliard, Y., Coulon, J. B., Berdagué, J. L. 2005. Milk indicators for recognizing the types of forages eaten by dairy cows Indicators of milk and beef quality 127–136CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mora, O., Romano, J. L., Gonzalez, E., Ruiz, F. and Shimada, A. 2000. Low cleavage activity of 15, 15'dioxygenase to convert beta-carotene to retinal in cattle compared with goats, is associated with the yellow pigmentation of adipose tissue. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 70: 199–205.Google Scholar
Mora, O., Romano, J. L., Gonzalez, E., Ruiz, F. J., Gomez, R. and Shimada, A. 2001. Presence of fed beta-carotene in digesta, excreta, blood, and hepatic and adipose tissue of Holstein steers. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 81: 133–139.Google Scholar
Mora, O., Romano, J. L., Gonzalez, E., Ruiz, F. J. and Shimada, A. 1999. in vitro and in situ disappearance of beta-carotene and lutein from lucerne (Medicago sativa) hay in bovine and caprine ruminal fluids. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 79: 273–276.3.0.CO;2-V>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nozière, P., Rémond, D., Ferlay, A. and Doreau, M. 1998. Differences between blood and plasma concentrations of acetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, glucose, ammonia and urea: implications for measurement of portal net fluxes in ewes. Reproduction, Nutrition, Development 38: 509–518.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pivnyak, I. G. and Arifdzhanova, M. K. 1977. Adaptation of a carotene-synthesizing culture to the digestive tract of new-born male calves. Trudy-Vsesoyuznyi-Ordena-Trudovogo-Krasnogo-Znameni-Nauchno-issledovatel'-skii-Institut-Zhivotnovodstva 37: 157–159.Google Scholar
Prache, S., Priolo, A. and Grolier, P. 2003. Persistence of carotenoid pigments in the blood of concentrate-finished grazing sheep: its significance for the traceability of grass-feeding. Journal of Animal Science 81: 360–367.Google Scholar
Priolo, A., Micol, D., Agabriel, J., Prache, S. and Dransfield, E. 2002a. effect of grass or concentrate feeding systems on lamb carcass and meat quality. Meat Science 62: 179–185.Google Scholar
Priolo, A., Prache, S., Micol, D. and Agabriel, J. 2002b. Reflectance spectrum of adipose tissue to trace grass feeding in sheep: Influence of measurement site and shrinkage time after slaughter. Journal of Animal Science 80: 886–891.Google Scholar
Reynoso, C. R., Mora, O., Nieves, V., Shimada, A., Gonzalez de Mejia, E. 2004. b-carotene and lutein in forage and bovine adipose tissue in two tropical regions of Mexico. Animal feed science and technology 113: 183–190.Google Scholar
Rieu, F., Fonty, G. and Gouet, P. 1989. Colony counts and characterization of bacteria adherent to the rumen wall and desquamated epithelial cells in conventional young lambs. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 35: 698–705.Google Scholar
Rogozinski, F. 1937. Les caroténoïdes et la chlorophylle dans la digestion du ruminant. Extrait du bulletin de l'académie Polonaise des Sciences. Série B: Sciences Naturelles (II) 184–188.Google Scholar
Shorland, F. B., Weenink, R. O., Johns, A. T. and McDonald, I. R. 1957. The effect of sheep-rumen contents on unsaturated fatty acids. Biochemical Journal 67: 328–333.Google Scholar
Statistical Analysis Systems Institute, 1996. SAS/STAT user's guide. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.Google Scholar
Tee, E. S. 1992. Carotenoids and retinoids in human nutrition. Critical Reviews Food Science and Nutrition 31: 103–163.Google Scholar
Tucker, R. E., Mitchell, G. E. and Little, C. O. 1967. Absorption of labelled carotene from the large intestine of sheep Journal of Animal Science 26 abstr 225Google Scholar
Van Vliet, T. 1996. Absorption of β-carotene and other carotenoids in humans and animal models European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 50: S32–S37Google Scholar
Visser, F. R. de and Blair, K. A. 1991. b-carotene content of twelve pasture crops, measured over one dairy season. NZDRI report no. FV91R11. Palmerson North.Google Scholar
Wing, J. M. A. 1969. Effect of source and season on apparent digestibility of carotene forage by cattle. Journal of Dairy Science 52: 479–483.Google Scholar
Yang, A., Larsen, T. W. and Tume, R. K. 1992. Carotenoid and retinol concentrations in serum, adipose tissue and liver and carotenoid transport in sheep, goats and cattle. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 43: 1809–1817.Google Scholar
Yang, A. and Tume, R. K. 1993. A comparison of beta-carotene-splitting activity isolated from intestinal mucosa of pasture-grazed sheep, goats and cattle. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 30: 209–217.Google Scholar
Zechmeister, L. and Chonloky, L. 1943. Principles and practice of chromatography, second edition. J. Wiley and Sons, London.Google Scholar