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Bilberry pomace in rabbit nutrition: effects on growth performance, apparent digestibility, caecal traits, bacterial community and antioxidant status

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 May 2018

S. Dabbou ,
I. Ferrocino ,
A. Kovitvadhi ,
S. Dabbou ,
S. Bergagna ,
D. Dezzuto ,
A. Schiavone ,
L. Cocolin ,
F. Gai  and
V. Santoro
...Show all authors
S. Dabbou
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
I. Ferrocino
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
A. Kovitvadhi
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Chatuchak, 10900 Bangkok, Thailand
S. Dabbou
Affiliation:
Dentistry Faculty, University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
S. Bergagna
Affiliation:
Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Turin, Italy
D. Dezzuto
Affiliation:
Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Turin, Italy
A. Schiavone
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy Institute of Science of Food Production, National Research Council, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
L. Cocolin
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
F. Gai*
Affiliation:
Institute of Science of Food Production, National Research Council, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
V. Santoro
Affiliation:
Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 5, 10125, Turin, Italy
L. Gasco
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy Institute of Science of Food Production, National Research Council, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
*
†E-mail: francesco.gai@ispa.cnr.it
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Abstract

Agricultural by-products could be used as alternative raw materials in rabbit nutrition as they have been found to be highly nutritious and low cost feeding sources. The aim of this study was to estimate the nutritive value and potential use of bilberry pomace (BP) for growing rabbits. A total of 144 Grimaud rabbits (35 days old) were allotted to four groups and fed with a diet containing increasing level of BP: BP0 (basal diet), BP5, BP10 and BP15 containing 0, 50, 100 and 150 g/kg respectively. Growth trial lasted 48 days; apparent digestibility was evaluated, starting at 46 days of age, over 4 consecutive days. The nutritive value of BP was measured using the mean digestibility of the experimental diets. At 83 days of age, rabbits were slaughtered: blood, and liver and kidney samples were collected in order to determine the blood parameters and the antioxidant enzyme activities of the tissues. Moreover, caecal content was sampled and gut microbiota assessed by means of amplicon-based high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing and PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. The digestible protein was estimated to 104 g/kg of DM while digestible energy to 9.44 MJ/kg DM for incorporation rate up to 150 g/kg. During the finishing period, average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio showed linear response to BP increase (P=0.008 and <0.001, respectively). During all the period, both parameters decreased linearly and quadratically with increasing BP inclusion levels (P<0.001) up to 100 g/kg of BP. A significant effect of the antioxidant status was found in the kidneys and liver (P<0.05) where the glutathione peroxidase activity increased as the BP increased. As far as gut microbiota is concerned, BP increased the relative abundance of the Clostridium, Oscillospira, Ruminococcus and Ruminococcaceae species which were clearly associated with the BP inclusion level. In conclusion, BP showed a potential use as an alternative protein and fibre sources for growing rabbits.

Keywords

feedsVaccinium myrtillusby-productnutritive valuemicrobiota
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 13 , Issue 1 , January 2019 , pp. 53 - 63
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2018 

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