Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T11:31:58.019Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Carotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins in horse tissues: a comparison with cattle

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 March 2015

R. Álvarez ,
A. J. Meléndez-Martínez ,
I. M. Vicario  and
M. J. Alcalde
R. Álvarez
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural and Forestry Science, Universidad de Sevilla, Ctra. Utrera km. 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
A. J. Meléndez-Martínez
Affiliation:
Food Colour & Quality Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Profesor García González 2, 41012 Seville, Spain
I. M. Vicario
Affiliation:
Food Colour & Quality Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Profesor García González 2, 41012 Seville, Spain
M. J. Alcalde*
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural and Forestry Science, Universidad de Sevilla, Ctra. Utrera km. 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
*
†E-mail: aldea@us.es
Get access

Abstract

Carotenoids are important for human health because of their provitamin A function among other biological actions. Their implication on consumer point of view of cattle products have been widely studied, but very little information is available for horse products. The aim of this study was to study the accumulation of carotenoids, retinoids and tocopherol by HPLC and HPLC-MS analysis in different horse tissues (plasma, milk, adipose tissue and liver) and compare it with that of cattle. Fat color was also studied. Four groups of animals were studied (15 animals within each group): lactating mares (709.82±23.09 kg) and cows (576.93±31.94 kg) reared outdoors; and foals (556.8±25.9 kg, 14 months old) and calves (474.7±36.2 kg, 14 months old) reared indoors. Both mares and foals were from the Hispano–Breton breed, whereas both cows and calves belonged to the commercial crossbred Limousine–Retinta. Differences in plasma and milk carotenoids (P<0.05, P<0.001) were found between mares and cows. Similar levels of vitamin A accumulation in the plasma and fat were detected in foals and calves (P>0.05). Both species showed different levels of accumulation of retinoids in the liver, with the foal having better accumulation (P<0.01, P<0.001). These results indicate that there are species-specific differences in the accumulation of carotenoids, retinol and tocopherol, but further studies are required to establish the mechanism of these differences.

Keywords

horsebovinecarotenoidsretinoidsliver
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 9 , Issue 7 , July 2015 , pp. 1230 - 1238
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alejano, R, Vázquez-Piqué, J, Domingo-Santos, J, Fernández, M, Andivia, E, Martín, D, Pérez-Carral, C and González-Pérez, MA 2012. Chapter 3: dehesa: open woodland forests of quercus in southwestern Spain. In Oak: ecology, types and management (ed. CC Aleixo and GA Bispo), pp. 87–113. Nova Science Publishers, New York.Google Scholar
Alosilla, CE, McDowell, LR, Wilkinson, NS, Staples, CR, Thatcher, WW, Martin, FG and Blair, M 2007. Bioavailability of vitamin A sources for cattle. Journal of Animal Science 85, 1235–1238.Google Scholar
Álvarez, R, Vicario, IM, Meléndez-Martínez, AJ and Alcalde, MJ 2014. Effect of different carotenoid-containing diets on the vitamin A levels and colour parameters in Iberian pigs’ tissues: utility as biomarkers of traceability. Meat Science 98, 187–192.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Álvarez, R, Perona, L, Valera, M, Mantecón, AR and Alcalde, MJ 2013. Current acceptability of horse meat through consumer survey. Book of Abstracts of EAAP 64th Annual General Meeting, Nantes, France, 254pp.Google Scholar
Calderón, F, Chauveau-Duriot, B, Pradel, P, Martin, B, Graulet, B, Doreau, M and Nozière, P 2007. Variations in carotenoids, vitamins A and E, and color in cow’s plasma and milk following a shift from hay diet to diets containing increasing levels of carotenoids and vitamin E. Journal of Dairy Science 90, 5651–5664.Google Scholar
CIE 1976. Colorimetry: official recommendations of the international commission on illumination. Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (International Commission on Illumination), Paris, CIE No. 15 (E-1.3.1).Google Scholar
Council Regulation (EC) No. 1/2005 of 22 December 2004. On the protection of animals during transport and related operations and amending Directives 64/432/EEc and 93/119/EC and Regulation (EC) Nº 1255/97. Official Journal of the European Union 3, 1–44.Google Scholar
Council Regulation (EC) No. 1099/2009 of 24 September 2009. On the protection of the animals at the time of killing. Official Journal of the European Union L303, 1–30.Google Scholar
Dunne, PG, O’Mara, FP, Monahan, FJ and Moloney, AP 2006. Changes in colour characteristics and pigmentation of subcutaneous adipose tissue and M. longissimus dorsi of heifers fed grass, grass silage or concentrate-based diets. Meat Science 74, 231–241.Google Scholar
Dunne, PG, Monahan, FJ, O’Mara, FP and Moloney, AP 2009. Colour of bovine subcutaneous adipose tissue: a review of contributory factors, associations with carcass and meat quality and its potential utility in authentication of dietary history. Meat Science 81, 28–45.Google Scholar
Engel, E, Ferlay, A, Cornu, A, Chilliard, Y, Agabriel, C, Bielicki, G and Martin, B 2007. Relevance of isotopic and molecular biomarkers for the authentication of milk according to production zone and type of feeding of the cow. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 55, 9099–9108.Google Scholar
Gay, L, Kronfeld, D, Grimsley-Cook, A, Dascanio, J, Ordakowski-Burk, A, Splan, R and Sklan, D 2004. Retinol, β-carotene and β-tocopherol concentrations in mare and foal plasma and in colostrum. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 24, 115–120.Google Scholar
Greiwe-Crandell, KM, Kronfeld, DS, Gay, LS, Sklan, D, Tiegs, W and Harris, PA 1997. Vitamin A repletion in thoroughbred mares with retinyl palmitate or b-carotene. Journal of Animal Science 75, 2684–2690.Google Scholar
Hulshof, PJM, Van Roekel-Jansen, T, Van de Bovenkamp, P and West, CE 2006. Variation in retinol and carotenoid content of milk and milk products in the Netherlands. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 19, 67–75.Google Scholar
Kuhl, J, Aurich, JE, Wulf, M, Hurtienne, A, Schweigert, FJ and Aurich, C 2012. Effects of oral supplementation with β-carotene on concentrations of β-carotene, vitamin A and α-tocopherol in plasma, colostrum and milk of mares and plasma of their foals and on fertility in mares. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 96, 376–384.Google Scholar
Lorenzo, JM, Sarriés, MV and Franco, D 2013. Sex effect on meat quality and carcass traits of foals slaughtered at 15 months of age. Animal 7, 1199–1207.Google Scholar
Lorenzo, JM, Sarriés, MV, Tateo, A, Polidori, P, Franco, D and Lanza, M 2014. Carcass characteristics, meat quality and nutritional value of horsemeat: a review. Meat Science 96, 1478–1488.Google Scholar
Lyan, B, Azaïs-Braesco, V, Cardinault, N, Tyssandier, V, Borel, P, Alexandre-Gouabau, MC and Grolier, P 2001. Simple method for clinical determination of 13 carotenoids in human plasma using an isocratic high-performance liquid chromatographic method. Journal of Chromatography B, Biomedical Sciences and Applications 751, 297–303.Google Scholar
Madejón, P, Domínguez, MT and Murillo, JM 2009. Evaluation of pastures for horses grazing on soils polluted by trace elements. Ecotoxicology 18, 417–428.Google Scholar
Mäenpää, PH, Koskinen, T and Koskinen, E 1988. Serum profiles of vitamins A, E and D in mares and foals durinf different seasons. Journal of Animal Science 66, 1418–1423.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Majchrzak, D, Fabian, E and Elmadfa, I 2006. Vitamin A content (retinol and retinyl esters) in livers of different animals. Food Chemistry 98, 704–710.Google Scholar
Martin, B, Fedele, V, Ferlay, A, Grolier, P, Rock, E, Gruffat, D and Chilliard, Y 2004. Effects of grass-based diets on the content of micronutrients and fatty acids in bovine and caprine dairy products. In Land use systems in grassland dominated regions (ed. A Lúscher, B Jeangros, W Kessler, O Huguenin, M Lobsiger, N Millar and D Suter), pp. 876–886. Proceedings of the 20th General Meeting of the European Grassland Federation, Luzern, Switzerland. Published by Organising Committee of 20th General Meeting of the European Grassland Federation, Swiss Grassland Society, Zürich, Switzerland.Google Scholar
Martínez, T, Urquía, JJ, Tejerina, JL and Guerrero, A 2014. Production and pasture quality in a dehesa salvopastoral system in the Madrid Range. 53a Reunión Científica de la SEEP, pp. 421–428.Google Scholar
Meléndez-Martínez, AJ, Vicario, IM and Heredia, FJ 2009. Effect of ascorbic acid on deterioration of carotenoids and colour in ultrafrozen orange juice. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 22, 295–302.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mora, O, Romano, JL, Gonzalez, E, Ruiz, F and Shimada, A 2000. Low cleavage activity of 15,15’dioxygenase to convert β-carotene to retinal in cattle compared with goats, is associated with the yellow pigmentation of adipose tissue. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 70, 199–205.Google Scholar
Muslera, E and Ratera, C 1984. Praderas y forrajes: producción y aprovechamiento. Ed. Mundi-Prensa. Madrid, Spain.Google Scholar
Nozière, P, Graulet, B, Lucas, A, Martin, B, Grolier, P and Doreau, M 2006a. Carotenoids for ruminants: from forages to dairy products. Animal Feed Science and Technology 131, 418–450.Google Scholar
Nozière, P, Grolier, P, Durand, D, Ferlay, A, Pradel, P and Martin, B 2006b. Variations in carotenoids, fat-soluble micronutrients, and color in cows’ plasma and milk following changes in forage and feeding level. Journal of Dairy Science 89, 2634–2648.Google Scholar
Olea, L and Paredes, M 1997. Influencia de la superficie disponible y del tamaño del rebaño en los pastos mejorados y en la producción de la dehesa en el SO de España. Pastos XXVII, 219–247.Google Scholar
Ortega, RM, Mena, MC and Andrés, P 2005. Vitamina A. In Tratado de nutrición. Tomo I: Bases Fisiológicas y Bioquímicas de la Nutrición (ed. A Gil and F Sánchez de Medina), pp. 547–569. Médica Paramericana, S.A., Madrid, España.Google Scholar
O’Sullivan, MG, Byrne, DV, Martens, H, Gidskehaug, LH, Andersen, HJ and Martens, M 2003. Evaluation of pork colour: prediction of visual sensory quality of meat from instrumental and computer vision methods of colour analysis. Meat Science 65, 909–918.Google Scholar
Pickworth, CL, Loerch, SC, Kopec, RE, Schwartz, SJ and Fluharty, FL 2012. Concentration of pro-vitamin A carotenoids in common beef cattle feedstuffs. Journal of Animal Science 90, 1553–1561.Google Scholar
Prache, S, Priolo, A and Grolier, P 2003a. Effect of concentrate finishing on the carotenoid content of perirenal fat in grazing sheep: its significance for discriminating grass-fed, concentrate-fed and concentrate-finished grazing lambs. Animal Science 77, 225–233.Google Scholar
Prache, S, Priolo, A and Grolier, P 2003b. Persistence of carotenoid pigments in the blood of concentrate finished grazing sheep: its significance for the traceability of grass-feeding. Journal of Animal Science 81, 360–367.Google Scholar
Priolo, A, Prache, S, Micol, D and Agabriel, J 2002. Reflectance spectrum of adipose tissue to trace grass feeding in sheep: influence of measurement site and shrinkage time after slaughter. Journal of Animal Science 80, 886–891.Google Scholar
Saastamoinen, MT 2013. Promoting slaughtering of hourses and consumption of horse meat. Book of Abstracts of EAAP 64th Annual General Meeting, Nantes, France, 249pp.Google Scholar
San Miguel, A 2009. Los pastos de la Comunidad de Madrid. Tipología, Cartografía y Evaluación. Serie Técnica de Medio Ambiente nº 4. Comunidad de Madrid, Spain.Google Scholar
Sauvant, P, Graulet, B, Martin, B, Grolier, P and Azaïs-Braesco, V 2011. Vitamin A. In Encyclopedia of dairy sciences (ed. JW Fuquay), pp. 639–645. Academic Press, San Diego, USA.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schweigert, FJ 1998. Metabolism of carotenoids in mammals. In Carotenoids. Volume 3: Biosynthesis (ed. G Britton, S Liaaen-Jensen and H PFander), pp. 249–284. Birkhäuser, Verlag Basel, Berlin, Germany.Google Scholar
Schweigert, FJ and Gottwald, C 1999. Effect of parturition on levels of vitamins A and E and of beta-carotene in plasma and milk of mares. Equine Veterinary Journal 31, 319–323.Google Scholar
Serrano, E, Prache, S, Chauveau-Duriot, B, Agabriel, J and Micol, D 2007. Traceability of grass-feeding in young beef using carotenoid pigments in plasma and adipose tissue. Animal Science 82, 909–918.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wingerath, T, Kirsch, D, Spengler, B, Kaufmann, R and Stahl, W 1997. High-performance liquid chromatography and laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry of retinyl esters. Analytical Chemistry 69, 3855–3860.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Woodall, A, Britton, G and Jackson, MJ 1996. Dietary supplementation with carotenoids: effects on α-tocopherol levels and susceptibility of tissues to oxidative stress. British Journal of Nutrition 76, 307–317.Google Scholar
Yang, A, Larsen, TW and Tume, RK 1992. Carotenoid and retinol concentrations in serum, adipose tissue and liver and carotenoid transport in sheep, goats and cattle. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 43, 1809–1817.Google Scholar