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The different molecular structure and glycerol-to-fatty acid ratio of palm oils affect their nutritive value in broiler chicken diets

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 January 2018

A. P. Roll ,
E. Vilarrasa ,
A. Tres  and
A. C. Barroeta
A. P. Roll
Affiliation:
Department of Animal and Food Science, Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service (SNiBA), Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
E. Vilarrasa
Affiliation:
Department of Animal and Food Science, Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service (SNiBA), Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
A. Tres
Affiliation:
Nutrition and Food Science Department – LiBiFOOD, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
A. C. Barroeta
Affiliation:
Department of Animal and Food Science, Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service (SNiBA), Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract

The aim of this study is to assess how the fat molecular structure and its glycerol-to-fatty acid ratio (G : FA) affect the fatty acid (FA) apparent absorption of palm oils in broiler chickens. The experimental diets were the result of a basal diet supplemented with 6% of different palm oils. Native palm oil (N), rich in triacylglycerols, was the positive control (T1), and acid palm oil (A), rich in free FA, was the negative control (T2). In order to improve the nutritive value of A, two different nutritional strategies were performed. The first strategy was achieved by adding increasing amounts of free glycerol (G) (4% (T3), 8% (T4) and 16% (T5)) to A, and the second one by adding increasing amounts of mono- (MAG) and diacylglycerols (DAG), coming from re-esterified palm oil (E) (40% (T6), 70% (T7), and 100% (T8)) to A. As a result, eight dietary treatments were formulated with a G : FA ratio ranging from 0.04 to 0.67. These treatments were randomly assigned to 192 one-day-old female broiler chickens (Ross 308), distributed in 48 cages. The results showed how, by keeping the G : FA ratio constant (0.33 mol/mol), the diet with a high MAG and DAG content (T7) achieved higher saturated FA apparent absorption values than did the diet with a high triacylglycerol content (T1) and this, in turn, more than did the diet with a high free FA content (T4). The behavior of oils with high or low G : FA ratio was dependent on whether G was in a free state or esterified as part of acylglycerol molecules. Thus, increasing amounts of G to A did not enhance the total FA apparent absorption, but rather quite the opposite, even impairing the absorption of mono- and polyunsaturated FA. However, increasing amounts of E (rich in MAG and DAG) to A (rich in FFA) did enhance total FA apparent absorption, primarily due to the increased absorption of saturated FA. In conclusion, the greater the G : FA ratio of a palm oil, the greater the absorption of total FA, as long as G is esterified as part of acylglycerol molecules. Thus, the re-esterification process for obtaining E makes sense in order to give added value to A, achieving even greater digestibility values than does its corresponding N.

Keywords

acid oilfatty-acid apparent absorptionglycerolpalm oilre-esterified oil
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 12 , Issue 10 , October 2018 , pp. 2040 - 2048
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2018 

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Footnotes

a

Present address: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy Eliseu Maciel, Federal University of Pelotas, PO Box 354, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.

†

Present address: Tecnología & Vitaminas, S.L.; Pol. Ind. Les Sorts, p. 10, 43365 Alforja, Tarragona, Spain. E-mail: ester.vilarrasa@gmail.com

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