Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T06:09:19.410Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Differential effects of oilseed supplements on methane production and milk fatty acid concentrations in dairy cows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 June 2018

K. E. Kliem Open the ORCID record for K. E. Kliem [Opens in a new window] ,
D. J. Humphries ,
P. Kirton ,
D. I. Givens  and
C. K. Reynolds
K. E. Kliem*
Affiliation:
Animal, Dairy and Food Chain Sciences, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, BerkshireRG6 6AR, UK
D. J. Humphries
Affiliation:
Animal, Dairy and Food Chain Sciences, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, BerkshireRG6 6AR, UK
P. Kirton
Affiliation:
Animal, Dairy and Food Chain Sciences, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, BerkshireRG6 6AR, UK
D. I. Givens
Affiliation:
Institute for Food Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, ReadingRG6 6AR, UK
C. K. Reynolds
Affiliation:
Animal, Dairy and Food Chain Sciences, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, BerkshireRG6 6AR, UK
*
†E-mail: k.e.kliem@reading.ac.uk
Get access

Abstract

It is known that supplementing dairy cow diets with full-fat oilseeds can be used as a strategy to mitigate methane emissions, through their action on rumen fermentation. However, direct comparisons of the effect of different oil sources are very few, as are studies implementing supplementation levels that reflect what is commonly fed on commercial farms. The objective was to investigate the effect of feeding different forms of supplemental plant oils on both methane emissions and milk fatty acid (FA) profile. Four multiparous, Holstein-Friesian cows in mid-lactation were randomly allocated to one of four treatment diets in a 4×4 Latin square design with 28-day periods. Diets were fed as a total mixed ration with a 50 : 50 forage : concentrate ratio (dry matter (DM) basis) with the forage consisting of 75 : 25 maize silage : grass silage (DM). Dietary treatments were a control diet containing no supplemental fat, and three treatment diets containing extruded linseed (EL), calcium salts of palm and linseed oil (CPLO) or milled rapeseed (MR) formulated to provide each cow with an estimated 500 g additional oil/day (22 g oil/kg diet DM). Dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk composition and methane production were measured at the end of each experimental period when cows were housed in respiration chambers for 4 days. There was no effect of treatment diet on DMI or milk protein or lactose concentration, but oilseed-based supplements increased milk yield compared with the control diet and milk fat concentration relative to control was reduced by 4 g/kg by supplemental EL. Feeding CPLO reduced methane production, and both linseed-based supplements decreased methane yield (by 1.8 l/kg DMI) and intensity (by 2.7 l/kg milk yield) compared with the control diet, but feeding MR had no effect on methane emission. All the fat supplements decreased milk total saturated fatty acid (SFA) concentration compared with the control, and SFA were replaced with mainly cis-9 18:1 but also trans FA (and in the case of EL and CPLO there were increases in polyunsaturated FA concentration). Supplementing dairy cow diets with these oilseed-based preparations affected milk FA profile and increased milk yield. However, only the linseed-based supplements reduced methane production, yield or intensity, whereas feeding MR had no effect.

Keywords

linseedrapeseedbovinesaturated fatty acidstrans fatty acids
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 13 , Issue 2 , February 2019 , pp. 309 - 317
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

AlZahal, O, Odongo, NE, Mutsvangwa, T, Or-Rashid, MM, Duffield, TF, Bagg, R, Dick, P, Vessie, G and McBride, BW 2008. Effects of monensin and dietary soybean oil on milk fat percentage and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 91, 1166–1174.Google Scholar
Barber, MC, Clegg, RA, Travers, MT and Vernon, RG 1997. Lipid metabolism in the lactating mammary gland. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1347, 101–126.Google Scholar
Bauman, DE, Harvatine, KJ and Lock, AL 2011. Nutrigenomics, rumen-derived bioactive fatty acids, and the regulation of milk fat synthesis. Annual Review of Nutrition 31, 299–319.Google Scholar
Beauchemin, KA, McGinn, SM, Benchaar, C and Holtshausen, L 2009. Crushed sunflower, flax, or canola seeds in lactating dairy cow diets: effects on methane production, rumen fermentation, and milk production. Journal of Dairy Science 92, 2118–2127.Google Scholar
Chilliard, Y, Martin, C, Rouel, J and Doreau, M 2009. Milk fatty acids in dairy cows fed whole crude linseed, extruded linseed, or linseed oil, and their relationship with methane output. Journal of Dairy Science 92, 5199–5211.Google Scholar
Clapperton, JL 1974. The effect of trichloroacetamide, chloroform and linseed oil given into the rumen of sheep on some of the end-products of rumen digestion. British Journal of Nutrition 32, 155–161.Google Scholar
Collomb, M, Sollberger, H, Bütikofer, U, Sieber, R, Stoll, W and Schaeren, W 2004. Impact of a basal diet of hay and fodder beet supplemented with rapeseed, linseed and sunflowerseed on the fatty acid composition of milk fat. International Dairy Journal 14, 549–559.Google Scholar
Doreau, M and Chilliard, Y 1997. Digestion and metabolism of dietary fat in farm animals. British Journal of Nutrition 78, S15–S35.Google Scholar
Fievez, V, Dohme, F, Danneels, M, Raes, K and Demeyer, D 2003. Fish oils as potent rumen methane inhibitors and associated effects on rumen fermentation in vitro and in vivo. Animal Feed Science and Technology 104, 41–58.Google Scholar
Firkins, JL and Eastridge, ML 1994. Assessment of the effects of iodine value on fatty acid digestibility, feed intake and milk production. Journal of Dairy Science 77, 2357–2366.Google Scholar
Giger-Reverdin, S, Morand-Fehr, P and Tran, G 2003. Literature survey of the influence of dietary fat composition on methane production in dairy cattle. Livestock Production Science 82, 73–79.Google Scholar
Givens, DI 2008. Impact on CVD risk of modifying milk fat to decrease intake of SFA and increase intake of cis-MUFA. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 67, 419–427.Google Scholar
Givens, DI, Allison, R and Blake, JS 2003. Enhancement of oleic acid and vitamin E concentrations of bovine milk using dietary supplements of whole rapeseed and vitamin E. Animal Research 52, 531–542.Google Scholar
Givens, DI, Kliem, KE, Humphries, DJ, Shingfield, KJ and Morgan, R 2009. Effect of replacing calcium salts of palm oil distillate with rapeseed oil, milled or whole rapeseeds on milk fatty acid composition in cows fed maize silage-based diets. Animal 3, 1067–1074.Google Scholar
Glasser, F, Ferlay, A and Chilliard, Y 2008. Oilseed supplements and fatty acid composition of cow milk: a meta-analysis. Journal of Dairy Science 91, 4687–4703.Google Scholar
Gonthier, C, Mustafa, A, Berthiaume, R and Petit, HV 2004. Effects of feeding micronized and extruded flaxseed on ruminal fermentation and nutrient utilization by dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 87, 1854–1863.Google Scholar
Grainger, C and Beauchemin, KA 2011. Can enteric methane emissions from ruminants be lowered without lowering their production? Animal Feed Science and Technology 166–167, 308–320.Google Scholar
Hammond, KJ, Humphries, DJ, Crompton, LA, Kirton, P and Reynolds, CK 2015. Effects of forage source and extruded linseed supplementation on methane emissions from growing dairy cattle of differing body weights. Journal of Dairy Science 98, 8066–8077.Google Scholar
Hammond, KJ, Jones, AK, Humphries, DJ, Crompton, LA and Reynolds, CK 2016. Effects of diet forage source and neutral detergent fiber content on milk production of dairy cattle and methane emissions determined using GreenFeed and respiration chamber techniques. Journal of Dairy Science 99, 7904–7917.Google Scholar
Hulshof, KFAM, van Erp-Baart, MA, Anttolainen, M, Becker, W, Church, SM, Couet, C, Hermann-Kunz, E, Kesteloot, H, Leth, T, Martins, I, Moreiras, O, Moschandreas, J, Pizzoferrato, L, Rimestad, AH, Thorgeirsdottir, H, van Amelsvoort, JMM, Aro, A, Kafatos, AG, Lanzmann-Petithory, D and van Poppel, G 1999. Intake of fatty acids in Western Europe with emphasis on trans fatty acids: the TRANSFAIR study. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 53, 143–157.Google Scholar
Kliem, KE, Humphries, DJ, Reynolds, CK, Morgan, R and Givens, DI 2016. Effect of oilseed type on milk fatty acid composition of individual cows, and also bulk tank milk fatty acid composition from commercial farms. Animal 11, 354–364.Google Scholar
Kliem, KE, Morgan, R, Humphries, DJ, Shingfield, KJ and Givens, DI 2008. Effect of replacing grass silage with maize silage in the diet on bovine milk fatty acid composition. Animal 2, 1850–1858.Google Scholar
Kliem, KE and Shingfield, KJ 2016. Manipulation of milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows: opportunities and challenges. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 118, 1661–1683.Google Scholar
Kliem, KE, Shingfield, KJ, Humphries, DJ and Givens, DI 2011. Effect of replacing calcium salts of palm oil distillate with incremental amounts of conventional or high oleic acid milled rapeseed on milk fatty acid composition in cows fed maize silage-based diets. Animal 5, 1311–1321.Google Scholar
Kliem, KE, Shingfield, KJ, Livingstone, KM and Givens, DI 2013. Seasonal variation in the fatty acid composition of milk available at retail in the United Kingdom and implications for dietary intake. Food Chemistry 141, 274–281.Google Scholar
Lerch, S, Ferlay, A, Shingfield, KJ, Martin, B, Pomiès, D and Chilliard, Y 2012. Rapeseed or linseed supplements in grass-based diets: effects on milk fatty acid composition of Holstein cows over two consecutive lactations. Journal of Dairy Science 95, 5221–5241.Google Scholar
Livingstone, KM, Humphries, DJ, Kirton, P, Kliem, KE, Givens, DI and Reynolds, CK 2015. Effects of forage type and extruded linseed supplementation on methane production and milk fatty acid composition of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 98, 4000–4011.Google Scholar
Lovegrove, JA and Givens, DI 2016. Dairy food products: good or bad for cardiometabolic disease? Nutrition Research Reviews 29, 249–267.Google Scholar
Maia, MRG, Chaudhary, LC, Figueres, L and Wallace, RJ 2007. Metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids and their toxicity to the microflora of the rumen. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 91, 303–314.Google Scholar
Martin, C, Morgavi, DP and Doreau, M 2010. Methane mitigation in ruminants: from microbe to the farm scale. Animal 4, 351–365.Google Scholar
Martin, C, Rouel, J, Jouany, JP, Doreau, M and Chillliard, Y 2008. Methane output and diet digestibility in response to feeding dairy cows crude linseed, extruded linseed, or linseed oil. Journal of Animal Science 86, 2642–2650.Google Scholar
Oeffner, SP, Qu, Y, Just, J, Quezada, N, Ramsing, E, Keller, M, Cherian, G, Goddick, L and Bobe, G 2013. Effect of flaxseed supplementation rate and processing on the production, fatty acid profile, and texture of milk, butter, and cheese. Journal of Dairy Science 96, 1177–1188.Google Scholar
Palmquist, DL and Jenkins, TC 2017. A 100-year review: fat feeding of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 100, 10061–10077.Google Scholar
Rego, OA, Alves, SP, Antunes, LMS, Rosa, HJD, Alfaia, CFM, Prates, JAM, Cabrita, ARJ, Fonseca, AJM and Bessa, RJB 2009. Rumen biohydrogenation-derived fatty acids in milk fat from grazing dairy cows supplemented with rapeseed, sunflower, or linseed oils. Journal of Dairy Science 92, 4530–4540.Google Scholar
Reynolds, CK, Humphries, DJ, Kirton, P, Kindermann, M, Duval, S and Steinberg, W 2014. Effects of 3-nitrooxypropanol on methane emission, digestion, and energy and nitrogen balance of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 97, 3777–3789.Google Scholar
Shingfield, KJ, Bernard, L, Leroux, C and Chilliard, Y 2010. Role of trans fatty acids in the nutritional regulation of mammary lipogenesis in ruminants. Animal 4, 1140–1166.Google Scholar
Ulberth, F, Gabernig, RG and Schrammel, F 1999. Flame-ionization detector response to methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl esters of fatty acids. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 76, 263–266.Google Scholar