Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T11:31:03.287Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of feed access after hatch and inclusion of fish oil and medium chain fatty acids in a pre-starter diet on broiler chicken growth performance and humoral immunity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 March 2016

D. M. Lamot ,
S. A. S. van der Klein ,
I. B. van de Linde ,
P. J. A. Wijtten ,
B. Kemp ,
H. van den Brand  and
A. Lammers
D. M. Lamot*
Affiliation:
Cargill Animal Nutrition Innovation Center Velddriel, Veilingweg 23, 5534LD Velddriel, the Netherlands Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University, PO Box 338, 6700AH Wageningen, the Netherlands
S. A. S. van der Klein
Affiliation:
Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University, PO Box 338, 6700AH Wageningen, the Netherlands
I. B. van de Linde
Affiliation:
Cargill Animal Nutrition Innovation Center Velddriel, Veilingweg 23, 5534LD Velddriel, the Netherlands
P. J. A. Wijtten
Affiliation:
Cargill Animal Nutrition Innovation Center Velddriel, Veilingweg 23, 5534LD Velddriel, the Netherlands
B. Kemp
Affiliation:
Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University, PO Box 338, 6700AH Wageningen, the Netherlands
H. van den Brand
Affiliation:
Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University, PO Box 338, 6700AH Wageningen, the Netherlands
A. Lammers
Affiliation:
Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University, PO Box 338, 6700AH Wageningen, the Netherlands
*
† E-mail: david_lamot@cargill.com
Get access

Abstract

Delayed feed and water access is known to impair growth performance of day old broiler chickens. Although effects of feed access on growth performance and immune function of broilers have been examined before, effects of dietary composition and its potential interaction with feed access are hardly investigated. This experiment aimed to determine whether moment of first feed and water access after hatch and pre-starter composition (0 to 7 days) affect growth rate and humoral immune function in broiler chickens. Direct fed chickens received feed and water directly after placement in the grow-out facility, whilst delayed fed chickens only after 48 h. Direct and delayed fed chickens received a control pre-starter diet, or a diet containing medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) or fish oil. At 21 days, chickens were immunized by injection of sheep red blood cells. The mortality rate depended on an interaction between feed access and pre-starter composition (P=0.014). Chickens with direct feed access fed the control pre-starter diet had a higher risk for mortality than chickens with delayed feed access fed the control pre-starter diet (16.4% v. 4.2%) whereas the other treatment groups were in-between. BW gain and feed intake till 25 days in direct fed chickens were higher compared with delayed fed chickens, whilst gain to feed ratio was lower. Within the direct fed chickens, the control pre-starter diet resulted in the highest BW at 28 days and the MCFA pre-starter diet the lowest (Δ=2.4%), whereas this was opposite for delayed fed chickens (Δ=3.0%; P=0.033). Provision of MCFA resulted in a 4.6% higher BW gain and a higher gain to feed ratio compared with other pre-starter diets, but only during the period it was provided (2 to 7 days). Minor treatment effects were found for humoral immune response by measuring immunoglobulins, agglutination titers, interferon gamma (IFN- γ ), and complement activity. Concluding, current inclusion levels of fish oil (5 g/kg) and MCFA (30 g/kg) in the pre-starter diet appear to have limited (carryover) effects on growth and development, as well as on humoral immune function.

Keywords

first week nutritionfish oilmedium chain fatty acidshumoral immunity
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 10 , Supplement 9 , September 2016 , pp. 1409 - 1416
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ballard, ST, Hunter, JH and Taylor, AE 1995. Regulation of tight-junction permeability during nutrient absorption accross the intestinal epithelium. Annual Review of Nutrition 15, 35–55. doi:10.1146/annurev.nu.15.070195.000343.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Balog, JM 2003. Ascites syndrome (pulmonary hypertension syndrome) in broiler chickens: Are we seeing the light at the end of the tunnel? Avian and Poultry Biology Reviews 14, 99–126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bar-Shira, E, Sklan, D and Friedman, A 2005. Impaired immune responses in broiler hatchling hindgut following delayed access to feed. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 105, 33–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Batal, A and Parsons, C 2002. Effects of age on nutrient digestibility in chicks fed different diets. Poultry Science 81, 400–407.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Christensen, VL 2009. Development during the first seven days post-hatching. Avian Biology Research 2, 27–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corless, AB and Sell, JL 1999. The effects of delayed access to feed and water on the physical and functional development of the digestive system of young turkeys. Poultry Science 78, 1158–1169.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gutierrez Del Alamo, A, Enting, H, De Los Mozos, J and Perez de Ayala, P 2007. The effect of dietary short and medium chain fatty acids on the performance of broiler chickens. Proceedings of the 19th Australian Poultry Science Symposium, 12 to 14 February 2007, Sydney, Australia, pp. 169–172.Google Scholar
Korver, DR 2012. Implications of changing immune function through nutrition in poultry. Animal Feed Science and Technology 173, 54–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Korver, DR and Klasing, KC 1997. Dietary fish oil alters specific and inflammatory immune responses in chicks. The Journal of Nutrition 127, 2039–2046.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lammers, A, Klomp, MEV, Nieuwland, MGB, Savelkoul, HFJ and Parmentier, HK 2004. Adoptive transfer of natural antibodies to non-immunized chickens affects subsequent antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. Developmental and Comparative Immunology 28, 51–60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lamot, DM, van de Linde, IB, Molenaar, R, van der Pol, CW, Wijtten, PJA, Kemp, B and van den Brand, H 2014. Effects of moment of hatch and feed access on chicken development. Poultry Science 93, 2604–2614.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, JY, Sohn, KH, Rhee, SH and Hwang, D 2001. Saturated fatty acids, but not unsaturated fatty acids, induce the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated through toll-like receptor 4. Journal of Biological Chemistry 276, 16683–16689.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lindmark, T, Kimura, Y and Artursson, P 1998. Absorption enhancement through intracellular regulation of tight junction permeability by medium chain fatty acids in caco-2 cells. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 284, 362–369.Google ScholarPubMed
Maiorka, A, Santin, E, Dahlke, F, Boleli, IC, Furlan, RL and Macari, M 2003. Posthatching water and feed deprivation affect the gastrointestinal tract and intestinal mucosa development of broiler chicks. Journal of Applied Poultry Research 12, 483–492.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noy, Y, Geyra, A and Sklan, D 2001. The effect of early feeding on growth and small intestinal development in the posthatch poult. Poultry Science 80, 912–919.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Noy, Y and Sklan, D 1995. Digestion and absorption in the young chick. Poultry Science 74, 366–373.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parmentier, HK, Baelmans, R, Nieuwland, MGB, Dorny, P and Demey, F 2002. Haemolytic complement activity, c3 and factor b consumption in serum from chickens divergently selected for antibody responses to sheep red blood cells. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 90, 91–100.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schoenborn, JR and Wilson, CB 2007. Regulation of interferon-gamma during innate and adaptive immune responses. Advances in Immunology 96, 41–101.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Simon, K, de Vries Reilingh, G, Bolhuis, JE, Kemp, B and Lammers, A 2015. Early feeding and early life housing conditions influence the response towards a noninfectious lung challenge in broilers. Poultry Science 94, 2041–2048.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Simon, K, de Vries Reilingh, G, Kemp, B and Lammers, A 2014. Development of ileal cytokine and immunoglobulin expression levels in response to early feeding in broilers and layers. Poultry Science 93, 3017–3027.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thomas, DV, Ravindran, V and Ravindran, G 2008. Nutrient digestibility and energy utilisation of diets based on wheat, sorghum or maize by the newly hatched broiler chick. British Poultry Science 49, 429–435.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Turner, K, Applegate, T and Lilburn, M 1999. Effects of feeding high carbohydrate or fat diets. 2. Apparent digestibility and apparent metabolizable energy of the posthatch poult. Poultry Science 78, 1581–1587.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van de Ven, LJF, van Wagenberg, AV, Decuypere, E, Kemp, B and van den Brand, H 2013. Perinatal broiler physiology between hatching and chick collection in 2 hatching systems. Poultry Science 92, 1050–1061.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van der Zijpp, AJ and Leenstra, FR 1980. Genetic analysis of the humoral immune response of white leghorn chicks. Poultry Science 59, 1363–1369.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Immerseel, F, De Buck, J, Boyen, F, Bohez, L, Pasmans, F, Volf, J, Sevcik, M, Rychlik, I, Haesebrouck, F and Ducatelle, R 2004. Medium-chain fatty acids decrease colonization and invasion through hila suppression shortly after infection of chickens with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, 3582–3587.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Walstra, I 2011. Adaptive capacity of rearing hens: effects of early life conditions. PhD thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.Google Scholar
Wang, YW, Field, CJ and Sim, JS 2000. Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids alter lymphocyte subset proportion and proliferation, serum immunoglobulin g concentration, and immune tissue development in chicks. Poultry Science 79, 1741–1748.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wijtten, PJA, Hangoor, E, Sparla, JKWM and Verstegen, MWA 2010. Dietary amino acid levels and feed restriction affect small intestinal development, mortality, and weight gain of male broilers. Poultry Science 89, 1424–1439.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zubair, AK and Leeson, S 1994. Effect of early feed restriction and realimentation on heat production and changes in sizes of digestive organs of male broilers. Poultry Science 73, 529–538.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Supplementary material: File

Lamot supplementary material

Manuscript for re-submission Supplement

Download Lamot supplementary material(File)
File 217 KB