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Effects of thermal manipulations during embryogenesis of broiler chickens on developmental stability, hatchability and chick quality

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 March 2016

D. Narinç ,
S. Erdoğan ,
E. Tahtabiçen  and
T. Aksoy
D. Narinç*
Affiliation:
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Namik Kemal University, 59030 Tekirdağ, Turkey
S. Erdoğan
Affiliation:
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Namik Kemal University, 59030 Tekirdağ, Turkey
E. Tahtabiçen
Affiliation:
Department of Forage Technology and Animal Nutrition, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, 59030 Tekirdağ, Turkey
T. Aksoy
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07100, Turkey
*
†E-mail: dnarinc@nku.edu.tr
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Abstract

Stress based on high temperature and humidity reduces the production performance of fast-growing broilers and causes high mortality. Temperatures higher than optimum have been applied to broilers in the embryonic period in order to overcome thermal stress. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of exposure to two long-term high-thermal environments on the developmental stability of embryonic growth, hatchability and chick quality. For this purpose, 600 broiler eggs were incubated. Treatments consisted of eggs incubated at 37.8°C at 55% relative humidity throughout (control), heated to 39.6°C at 60% relative humidity for 6 h daily from 0 to 8th day, and heated to 39.6°C at 60% relative humidity for 6 h daily from the 10 to 18th day. Embryo weights and lengths of face, wing, femur, tibia and metatarsus were measured daily between the 10th and 21st day of the experiment. Daily relative asymmetry values of bilateral traits were estimated. The hatchability, the weight of the 1-day-old chicks and chick quality were determined. In conclusion, no negative effects of the treatments of the long-term high-thermal environment in the early and late stages of incubation for epigenetic adaptation were determined on the embryo morphology, development stability and weight of the chick. Moreover, regressed hatchability of embryos that were exposed to a long-term high-thermal environment was detected. Especially between the 10 and 18th day, the thermal manipulation considerably reduced the quality of the chicks. Acclimation treatments of high temperature on the eggs from cross-breeding flocks should not be made long term; instead, short-term treatments should be made by determining the stage that generates epigenetic adaptation.

Keywords

epigenetic adaptationheat stressbroilerrelative asymmetrychick quality
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 10 , Issue 8 , August 2016 , pp. 1328 - 1335
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2016 

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