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Impact of diet management and composition on vitamin B12 concentration in milk of Holstein cows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 February 2019

M. Duplessis Open the ORCID record for M. Duplessis [Opens in a new window] ,
D. Pellerin Open the ORCID record for D. Pellerin [Opens in a new window] ,
R. Robichaud ,
L. Fadul-Pacheco Open the ORCID record for L. Fadul-Pacheco [Opens in a new window]  and
C. L. Girard Open the ORCID record for C. L. Girard [Opens in a new window]
M. Duplessis*
Affiliation:
Valacta, 555 Boul Des Anciens-Combattants, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada H9X 3R4
D. Pellerin
Affiliation:
Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l’Agriculture, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
R. Robichaud
Affiliation:
Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l’Agriculture, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
L. Fadul-Pacheco
Affiliation:
Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l’Agriculture, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
C. L. Girard
Affiliation:
Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada, Centre de recherche et développement de Sherbrooke, 2000 rue College, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1M 0C8
*
†Present address: Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada, Centre de recherche et développement de Sherbrooke, 2000 rue College, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1M 0C8. E-mail: melissa.duplessis@canada.ca
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Abstract

As vitamin B12 is only synthesized by bacteria, ruminant products, especially dairy products, are excellent sources of this vitamin. This study aims to identify if diet and cow characteristics could affect vitamin B12 concentration in milk of dairy cows. Information on 1484 first, 1093 second and 1763 third and greater parity Holstein cows in 100 herds was collected during three consecutive milkings. During the first morning milking, all dietary ingredients given to cows were sampled and quantities offered were recorded throughout the day. Nutrient composition of ingredients was obtained by wet chemistry to reconstitute nutrient composition of the ration. Milk samples were taken with in-line milk meters during the evening milking of the 1st day and the morning milking of the 2nd day and were analyzed for vitamin B12 concentration. Milk yields were recorded and milk components were separately analyzed for each milking. Daily vitamin B12 concentration in milk was obtained using morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations weighted with respective milk yield, then divided by daily yield. To decrease the number of interdependent variables to include in the multivariable model, a principal component analysis was carried out. Daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 averaged 3809±80 pg/ml, 4178±79 pg/ml and 4399±77 pg/ml for first, second and third, and greater lactation cows. Out of 11 principal components, six were significantly related to daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 when entered in the multivariable model. Results suggested that vitamin B12 concentration in milk was positively related to percentage of fiber and negatively related to starch as well as energy of the diet. Negative relationships were noted between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration and positive relationships were observed between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations. The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. The pseudo-R2 of the model was low (52%) suggesting that diet and cow characteristics have moderate impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk. Moreover, when entering solely the principal component related to milk production in the model, the pseudo-R2 was 46%. In conclusion, it suggests that studied diet characteristics have a marginal impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk variation.

Keywords

cobalaminlactationprincipal component analysisfeedmanagement
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 13 , Issue 9 , September 2019 , pp. 2101 - 2109
Creative Commons
Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2019

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Footnotes

a

Present address: Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, 1701 Observatory Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA.

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