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Influence of obestatin on the histological development of the small intestine in piglets during the first week of postnatal life

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 May 2020

J. Woliński ,
P. Szczurek ,
K. Pierzynowska ,
P. Wychowański ,
B. Seklecka ,
M. Boryczka ,
A. Kuwahara ,
I. Kato ,
O. Drahanchuk  and
K. Zaworski
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J. Woliński*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Physiology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110Jabłonna, Poland
P. Szczurek
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1, 32-083Balice, Poland
K. Pierzynowska
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Physiology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110Jabłonna, Poland Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, 223 62Lund, Sweden Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090Lublin, Poland
P. Wychowański
Affiliation:
Department of Dental Surgery, Warsaw Medical University, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006Warszawa, Poland
B. Seklecka
Affiliation:
Early Clinical Trials Unit, University Clinical Centre, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214Gdańsk, Poland Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdansk, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 3a, 80-210Gdańsk, Poland
M. Boryczka
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Physiology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110Jabłonna, Poland
A. Kuwahara
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Physiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences and Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
I. Kato
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kita-Machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
O. Drahanchuk
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Physiology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110Jabłonna, Poland
K. Zaworski
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Physiology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110Jabłonna, Poland
S. G. Pierzynowski
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, 223 62Lund, Sweden Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090Lublin, Poland
M. Słupecka-Ziemilska
Affiliation:
Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106Warszawa, Poland
*
†E-mail: j.wolinski@ifzz.pl.
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Abstract

Obestatin is a gastrointestinal peptide having wide-ranging effects on cell proliferation; however, its mechanism of action remains poorly understood. Thus, the aim of the study was to elucidate the effect of exogenous obestatin on the postnatal structural development of the small intestine. Seven-day-old piglets with an average BW of 1.56 ± 0.23 kg were divided into four groups (n = 10) that received intragastrically obestatin (2, 10 or 15 μg/kg BW) or vehicle. After a 6-day experimental period, morphological analysis of gastrointestinal tract and small intestine wall (mitosis and apoptosis indexes, histomorphometry of mucosa and muscularis layers) was performed. The study revealed a seemingly incoherent pattern of the histological structure of the small intestine among the experimental groups, suggesting that the effect of obestatin is both intestinal segment specific and dose dependent. Histomorphometric analysis of the small intestine showed that higher doses of obestatin seem to promote the structural development of the duodenum while simultaneously hindering the maturation of more distal parts of the intestine. Intragastric administration of obestatin increased the crypt mitotic index in all segments of the small intestine with the strongest pro-mitotic activity following the administration of obestatin at a dose of 10 and 15 μg/kg BW. The significant differences in the number of apoptotic cells in the intestinal villi among the groups were observed only in proximal jejunum and ileum. In conclusion, it seems that obestatin shows a broad-spectrum of activity in the gastrointestinal tract of newborn piglets, being able to accelerate its structural development. However, the varied effect depending on the intestinal segment or the concentration of exogenous obestatin causes that further research is needed to clarify the exact mechanism of this phenomenon.

Keywords

obestatinintestinal mucosaenterocytesmaturationneonatal piglets
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 14 , Issue 10 , October 2020 , pp. 2129 - 2137
Copyright
© The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition Polish Academy of Sciences, and The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Animal Consortium

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