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Influence of rumen protozoa on methane emission in ruminants: a meta-analysis approach1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 July 2014

J. Guyader ,
M. Eugène ,
P. Nozière ,
D. P. Morgavi ,
M. Doreau  and
C. Martin
J. Guyader
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1213 Herbivores, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France Clermont Université, VetAgro Sup, UMR1213 Herbivores, BP 10448, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
M. Eugène
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1213 Herbivores, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France Clermont Université, VetAgro Sup, UMR1213 Herbivores, BP 10448, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
P. Nozière*
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1213 Herbivores, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France Clermont Université, VetAgro Sup, UMR1213 Herbivores, BP 10448, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
D. P. Morgavi
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1213 Herbivores, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France Clermont Université, VetAgro Sup, UMR1213 Herbivores, BP 10448, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
M. Doreau
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1213 Herbivores, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France Clermont Université, VetAgro Sup, UMR1213 Herbivores, BP 10448, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
C. Martin
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1213 Herbivores, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France Clermont Université, VetAgro Sup, UMR1213 Herbivores, BP 10448, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
*
†E-mail: pierre.noziere@clermont.inra.fr
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Abstract

A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of protozoa concentration on methane emission from ruminants. A database was built from 59 publications reporting data from 76 in vivo experiments. The experiments included in the database recorded methane production and rumen protozoa concentration measured on the same groups of animals. Quantitative data such as diet chemical composition, rumen fermentation and microbial parameters, and qualitative information such as methane mitigation strategies were also collected. In the database, 31% of the experiments reported a concomitant reduction of both protozoa concentration and methane emission (g/kg dry matter intake). Nearly all of these experiments tested lipids as methane mitigation strategies. By contrast, 21% of the experiments reported a variation in methane emission without changes in protozoa numbers, indicating that methanogenesis is also regulated by other mechanisms not involving protozoa. Experiments that used chemical compounds as an antimethanogenic treatment belonged to this group. The relationship between methane emission and protozoa concentration was studied with a variance−covariance model, with experiment as a fixed effect. The experiments included in the analysis had a within-experiment variation of protozoa concentration higher than 5.3 log10 cells/ml corresponding to the average s.e.m. of the database for this variable. To detect potential interfering factors for the relationship, the influence of several qualitative and quantitative secondary factors was tested. This meta-analysis showed a significant linear relationship between methane emission and protozoa concentration: methane (g/kg dry matter intake)=−30.7+8.14×protozoa (log10 cells/ml) with 28 experiments (91 treatments), residual mean square error=1.94 and adjusted R2=0.90. The proportion of butyrate in the rumen positively influenced the least square means of this relationship.

Keywords

methaneprotozoameta-analysisruminantvolatile fatty acids
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 8 , Issue 11 , November 2014 , pp. 1816 - 1825
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2014 

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Footnotes

1

This paper is based on a presentation at the Greenhouse Gases and Animal Agriculture Conference held in Dublin, June 2013.

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