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Performance of guinea fowl fed hevea seed meal or cashew nut meal as a partial substitute for soya bean meal

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 August 2019

G. A. Koné ,
M. Good  and
M. Kouba Open the ORCID record for M. Kouba [Opens in a new window]
G. A. Koné
Affiliation:
Institut National Polytechnique Felix Houphouët Boigny, BP 1313 Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire
M. Good
Affiliation:
Independant Researcher and Private Consultant, A 96 Dun Laoghaire, Ireland
M. Kouba*
Affiliation:
UMR 1348 PEGASE, INRA-AGROCAMPUS, 65 rue de Saint Brieuc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
*
†E-mail: maryline.kouba@agrocampus-ouest.fr
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Abstract

Guinea fowl production is increasing in developing countries and has a crucial role in the fight against poverty. However, the feed cost is very high, especially the soya bean meal cost, and farmers cannot afford to buy commercial feed. Consequently, animals do not receive feed adapted to their nutritional needs and they exhibit poor performance. The aim of this paper is to partially substitute soya bean meal by local by-products, discarded, in abundant supply and not used in human nutrition. French Galor guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) and local African guinea fowl (150 birds per breed) were reared for 16 weeks and fed the same starter diet for the initial 4 weeks. From 4 weeks of age, experimental birds from each breed were randomly assigned to three grower isoproteic and isolipidic dietary treatments, each containing five replications (floor pens); each replication included 10 birds of the same breed. The guinea fowl of each breed were fed either control grower diet using soya bean meal as the protein supplement GS, or trial grower diet GN (soya bean meal supplement partially substituted by 15% cashew nut (Anacardium occidentale) meal) or trial grower diet GH (soya bean meal supplement partially substituted by 15% hevea seed (Hevea brasiliensis) meal). The results indicated that hevea seed meal contained a high content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (21.2% of total fatty acids (FAs)). The use of hevea seed meal in guinea fowl grower diet was found to exert no adverse effect on growth performance and carcass yield. However, the use of cashew nut meal led to negative effects on performance like daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Therefore, cashew nut meal cannot be considered as a suitable partial substitute for soya bean meal in diets. The use of hevea seed meal led to a very low abdominal fat proportion and low blood triglyceride and cholesterol content. Additionally, inclusion of dietary hevea seed meal resulted in guinea fowl meat enriched in PUFAs, especially n-3 FAs, thereby significantly improving the nutritional value.

Keywords

poultrynutritionby-productmeat qualitypolyunsaturated fatty acids
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 14 , Issue 1 , January 2020 , pp. 206 - 214
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2019 

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