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Promising perspectives for ruminal protection of polyunsaturated fatty acids through polyphenol-oxidase-mediated crosslinking of interfacial protein in emulsions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 March 2018

N. De Neve ,
B. Vlaeminck ,
F. Gadeyne ,
E. Claeys ,
P. Van der Meeren  and
V. Fievez
N. De Neve
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Production, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Block F, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
B. Vlaeminck
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Production, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Block F, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
F. Gadeyne
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Production, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Block F, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
E. Claeys
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Production, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Block F, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
P. Van der Meeren
Affiliation:
Particle and Interfacial Technology Group, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Block B, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
V. Fievez*
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Production, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Block F, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
*
†E-mail: veerle.fievez@ugent.be
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Abstract

Previously, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) from linseed oil were effectively protected (>80%) against biohydrogenation through polyphenol-oxidase-mediated protein crosslinking of an emulsion, prepared with polyphenol oxidase (PPO) extract from potato tuber peelings. However, until now, emulsions of only 2 wt% oil have been successfully protected, which implies serious limitations both from a research perspective (e.g. in vivo trials) as well as for further upscaling toward practical applications. Therefore, the aim of this study was to increase the oil/PPO ratio. In the original protocol, the PPO extract served both an emulsifying function as well as a crosslinking function. Here, it was first evaluated whether alternative protein sources could replace the emulsifying function of the PPO extract, with addition of PPO extract and 4-methylcatechol (4MC) to induce crosslinking after emulsion preparation. This approach was then further used to evaluate protection of emulsions with higher oil content. Five candidate emulsifiers (soy glycinin, gelatin, whey protein isolate (WPI), bovine serum albumin and sodium caseinate) were used to prepare 10 wt% oil emulsions, which were diluted five times (w/w) with PPO extract (experiment 1). As a positive control, 2 wt% oil emulsions were prepared directly with PPO extract according to the original protocol. Further, emulsions of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 wt% oil were prepared, with 80 wt% PPO extract (experiment 2), or with 90, 80, 70, 60 and 50 wt% PPO extract, respectively (experiment 3) starting from WPI-stabilized emulsions. Enzymatic crosslinking was induced by 24-h incubation with 4MC. Ruminal protection efficiency was evaluated by 24-h in vitro batch simulation of the rumen metabolism. In experiment 1, protection efficiencies were equal or higher than the control (85.5% to 92.5% v. 81.3%). In both experiments 2 and 3, high protection efficiencies (>80%) were achieved, except for emulsions containing 10 wt% oil emulsions (<50% protection), which showed oiling-off after enzymatic crosslinking. This study demonstrated that alternative emulsifier proteins can be used in combination with PPO extract to protect emulsified PUFA-rich oils against ruminal biohydrogenation. By applying the new protocol, 6.5 times less PPO extract was required.

Keywords

rumen-bypasssodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresiszymographyin vitrotyrosinase
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 12 , Issue 12 , December 2018 , pp. 2539 - 2550
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2018 

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Footnotes

a

Present address: Research Group Marine Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S8, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.

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