Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T06:00:39.935Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Responses of hepatic blood flows to changes in intake in sheep: a meta-analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 October 2009

J. Vernet ,
P. Nozière ,
S. Léger ,
D. Sauvant  and
I. Ortigues-Marty
J. Vernet*
Affiliation:
UR1213 Herbivores, INRA, Theix, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
P. Nozière
Affiliation:
UR1213 Herbivores, INRA, Theix, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
S. Léger
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Mathématiques, Université de Clermont-Ferrand II, 24 avenue des Landais, BP 26, 63177 Aubière Cedex, France
D. Sauvant
Affiliation:
UMR INRA-INAPG Physiologie, Nutrition et alimentation, INRA, 16 rue Claude-Bernard, 75231 Paris Cedex 03, France
I. Ortigues-Marty
Affiliation:
UR1213 Herbivores, INRA, Theix, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
*
†E-mail: jean.vernet@clermont.inra.fr
Get access

Abstract

This work set out to establish the response equations for hepatic blood flows in sheep and the contribution of hepatic arterial flow to hepatic venous blood flow due to changes in intake levels at constant diet composition. The FLORA (FLuxes across Organs and tissues in Ruminant Animals) database was used, and meta-analysis performed. The meta-analysis involved selection of published papers, identification of studies, description and coding of the selected dataset and statistical analysis using a covariance model. Meta-analyses were carried out using a within-study approach. To ensure absence of bias, the analysis incorporated interfering variables and factors studied in between-study comparisons. Variables concerned diet composition; qualitative factors concerned the physiological state of the animals and the methods used to measure blood flow. The results obtained showed that hepatic blood flows were positively related to intake in sheep. The magnitude of the response (as indicated by the slope) varied with the level of intake and the blood vessel (portal, hepatic venous or arterial). Nine linear relationships were established for the portal, hepatic venous and arterial blood flows as a function of dry matter intake (DMI) with below- and above-maintenance levels considered separately. Data obtained at below- and above-maintenance levels were considered together and four quadratic relationships were established for hepatic blood flows as a function of DMI. These relationships expressed a strong effect of intake on hepatic blood flows. The contribution of hepatic arterial to hepatic venous blood flow averaged 18.2%, with a wide variability. It did not vary significantly with level of intake. Although in between-study comparisons the arterial/venous blood flow was positively influenced by the organic matter digestibility of the diet, the relationships we obtained were robust. They can be used in models of net hepatic nutrient fluxes to predict variations and absolute values of hepatic blood flows from variations and absolute values of DMI.

Keywords

hepatic blood flowintakesheepmeta-analysis
Type
Full Paper
Information
animal , Volume 3 , Issue 10 , October 2009 , pp. 1387 - 1400
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Barnes, RJ, Comline, RS, Dobson, A 1986. The control of splanchnic blood flow. In Proceedings, 6th International Symposium on ruminant physiology, control of digestion and metabolism in ruminants (ed. LP Milligan, WL Grovum and A Dobson), pp. 41–59. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, USA.Google Scholar
Bergman, EN, Katz, ML, Kaufman, CF 1970. Quantitative aspects of hepatic and portal glucose metabolism and turnover in sheep. The American Journal of Physiology 219, 785–793.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bergman, EN, Wolff, E 1971. Metabolism of volatile fatty acids by liver and portal-drained viscera in sheep. American Journal of Physiology 221, 586–592.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bermingham, EN, Nozière, P, Vernet, J, Lapierre, H, Léger, S, Sauvant, D, Ortigues-Marty, I 2008. The relationships between intake and net portal fluxes of energy metabolites in ruminants: a meta-analysis. Animal Feed Science and Technology 143, 27–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burrin, DG, Ferrell, CL, Eisemann, JH, Britton, RA 1991. Level of nutrition and splanchnic metabolite flux in young lambs. Journal of Animal Science 69, 1082–1091.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Freetly, HC, Ferrell, CL, Jenkins, TG, Goetsch, AL 1995. Visceral oxygen consumption during chronic feed restriction and realimentation in sheep. Journal of Animal Science 73, 843–852.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goetsch, AL, Ferrel, CL, Freetly, HC 1994. Effect of different supplements on splanchnic oxygen consumption and net fluxes of nutrients in sheep consuming bromegrass (Bromus inermis) hay ad libitum. The British Journal of Nutrition 72, 701–712.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goetsch, AL, Patil, AR, Galloway, DL, Wang, ZS, Kouakou, B, Park, KK, Rossi, JE 1997. Oxygen consumption by splanchnic tissues in wethers consuming ad libitum different proportions of bermudgrass and ryegrass-wheat. Archives of Animal Nutrition 50, 1–11.Google Scholar
Han, XT, Nozière, P, Rémond, D, Chabrot, J, Doreau, M 2002. Effects of nutrient supply and dietary bulk on O2 uptake and nutrient net fluxes across rumen, mesenteric- and portal-drained viscera in ewes. Journal of Animal Science 80, 1362–1374.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heitman, RN, Sensenig, SC, Reynolds, CK, Fernandez, JM, Dawes, DJ 1986. Changes in energy metabolite and regulatory hormone concentrations and net fluxes across splanchnic and peripheral tissues in fed and progressively fasted ewes. The Journal of Nutrition 116, 2516–2524.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Howell, DC (ed.) 1998. La régression multiple. In Méthodes statistiques en sciences humaines, pp. 571–633. Edition De Boeck Université, 7, rue Jacquemont, Paris.Google Scholar
Huntington, GB 1990. Energy metabolism in the digestive tract and liver of cattle: influence of physiological state and nutrition. Reproduction Nutrition Development 30, 35–47.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
INRA 1978. Alimentation des ruminants. INRA Publications, Versailles.Google Scholar
INRA 1988. Alimentation des bovins, ovins, caprins. INRA, Paris.Google Scholar
Isserty, A, Ortigues, I, Remond, D 1998. Mesure des débits splanchniques par dilution de marqueur: comparaison de quatre méthodes de dosage de l’acide para-amino-hippurique. Reproduction Nutrition Development 38, 93–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Katz, ML, Bergman, EN 1969. Simultaneous measurements of hepatic and portal venous blood flow in the sheep and dog. The American Journal of Physiology 216, 946–952.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lautt, WW 1980. Control of hepatic arterial blood flow: independence from liver metabolic activity. The American Journal of Physiology 239, H559–H564.Google ScholarPubMed
Lautt, WW 1983. Relationship between hepatic blood flow and overall metabolism: the hepatic arterial buffer response. Federation Proceedings 42, 1662–1666.Google Scholar
Lescoat, P, Sauvant, D, Danfaer, A 1996. Quantitative aspects of blood and amino acid flows in cattle. Reproduction Nutrition Development 36, 137–174.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lobley, GE, Connell, A, Lomax, MA, Brown, DS, Milne, E, Calder, AG, Farningham, DAH 1995. Hepatic detoxification of ammonia in the ovine liver: possible consequences for amino acid catabolism. The British Journal of Nutrition 73, 667–685.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lomax, MA, Baird, GD 1983. Blood flow and nutrient exchange across the liver and gut of the dairy cow. The British Journal of Nutrition 49, 481–496.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Loncke, C, Ortigues-Marty, I, Vernet, J, Lapierre, H, Sauvant, D, Nozière, P 2009. Empirical prediction of net portal appearance of volatile fatty acids, glucose and their secondary metabolites (beta-hydroxybutyrate, lactate) from dietary characteristics in ruminants: a meta-analyses approach. Journal of Animal Science 87, 253–268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Minitab Inc. 2003. Quality Plaza, 1829 Pine Hall Road, State College, 16801 Pennsylvania, USA.Google Scholar
NAS 1969. United States-Canadian tables of feed composition. Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Nozière, P, Rémond, D, Bernard, L, Doreau, M 2000. Effect of underfeeding on metabolism of portal-drained viscera in ewes. The British Journal of Nutrition 84, 821–828.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ortigues, I 1991. Adaptation du métabolisme énergétique des ruminants à la sous-alimentation. Quantification au niveau de l’animal entier et de tissus corporels. Reproduction Nutrition Development 31, 593–616.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ortigues, I, Visseiche, AL, Durand, D 1994. Adaptation to undernutrition in ewes: net nutrient fluxes across the portal-drained viscera, the liver and the hindquarters. In Proceedings of the 13th Symposium on energy metabolism of farm animals (ed. JF Aguilera), vol. 76, pp. 89–92. European Association for Animal Production publication, Mojácar, Spain.Google Scholar
Patil, AR, Goetsch, AL, Park, KK, Koualou, DL, Galloway, DL Sr, West, CP, Johnson, ZB 1995. Net flux of nutrients accross splanchnic tissues in sheep fed tropical vs. temperate grass hay of moderate or low qualities. Livestock Production Science 43, 49–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rémond, D, Ortigues-Marty, I, Isserty, A, Lefaivre, J 1998. Technical note: measuring portal blood flow in sheep using an ultrasonic transit time flow probe. Journal of Animal Science 76, 2712–2716.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reynolds, CK 2000. Feed evaluation for animal production. In Feeding systems and feed evaluation models (ed. MK Theodorou and J France), pp. 87–108. CABI Publishing, London, UK.Google Scholar
Rico-Gomez, M, Faverdin, P 2001. La nutrition protéique modifie l’ingestion des vaches laitières: analyse bibliographique. 8èmes Rencontres Recherches Ruminants, Paris, France, 4pp.Google Scholar
SAS 1999–2000. SAS/STAT 8.01. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.Google Scholar
Sauvant, D, Schmidely, P, Daudin, JJ 2005. Les méta-analyses des données expérimentales: applications en nutrition animale. INRA Productions Animales 18, 63–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sauvant, D, Schmidely, P, Daudin, JJ, St-Pierre, NR 2008. Meta-analyses of experimental data in animal nutrition. Animal 2, 1203–1214.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Es, AJH 1961. Between-animal variation in the amont of energy required for the maintenance of energy required for the maintenance of cows. Thèse de Doctorat. Centrum voor Landbouwpublikaties en Landbouwdocumentatie, Wageningen, Netherlands.Google Scholar
Van Es, AJH 1975. Feed evaluation for dairy cows. Livestock Production Science 2, 95–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vernet, J, Ortigues-Marty, I 2006. Conception and development of a bibliographic database of blood nutrient fluxes across organs and tissues in ruminants: data gathering and management prior to meta-analysis. Reproduction Nutrition Development 46, 527–546.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vernet, J, Lapierre, H, Nozière, P, Léger, S, Sauvant, D, Ortigues-Marty, I 2005a. Prediction of blood nutrient supply to tissues of economical interest in ruminants: a first step with the prediction of portal blood flow. In Proceedings of the first open international conference on modeling and simulation, OICMS (ed. DRC Hill, V Barra and MK Traore), pp. 163–173. Blaise Pascal University, Clermont-Ferrand, France.Google Scholar
Vernet, J, Nozière, P, Sauvant, D, Léger, S, Ortigues-Marty, I 2005b. Regulation of hepatic blood flow by feeding conditions in sheep: a meta-analysis. In Proceedings of the Eleventh seminar of the sub-network on sheep and goat nutrition: advanced nutrition and feeding strategies to improve sheep and goat production (ed. A Priolo, L Biondi, H Ben Salem and P Morand-Fehr), pp. 435–440. FAO-CIHEAM, Catania, Italy.Google Scholar
Vermorel, M, Bocquier, F, Vernet, J, Brelurut, A 1987. Mobilization and reconstitution of body reserves in dairy ewes studied by indirect calorimetry and D2O dilution technique. In Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on energy metabolism of farm animals (ed. PW Moe, HF Tyrrell and PJ Reynolds), publication no. 32, pp. 314–317. EAAP, Airlie, Virginia, USA.Google Scholar
Webster, AJF, Osuji, PO, White, F, Ingram, JF 1975. The influence of food intake on portal blood flow and heat production in the digestive tract of sheep. The British Journal of Nutrition 34, 125–139.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed