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Saturated fat supplemented in the form of triglycerides decreased digestibility and reduced performance of dairy cows as compared to calcium salt of fatty acids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 October 2019

A. Oyebade ,
L. Lifshitz ,
H. Lehrer ,
S. Jacoby ,
Y. Portnick  and
U. Moallem
A. Oyebade
Affiliation:
Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, the Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel Department of Animal Science, the Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot76100, Israel
L. Lifshitz
Affiliation:
Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, the Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
H. Lehrer
Affiliation:
Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, the Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
S. Jacoby
Affiliation:
Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, the Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
Y. Portnick
Affiliation:
Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, the Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
U. Moallem*
Affiliation:
Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, the Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
*
†E-mail: uzim@volcani.agri.gov.il
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Abstract

The two most popular rumen-protected fatty acid supplements in dairy cow rations are calcium salts of palm oil fatty acid calcium salts of palm oil fatty acid (CSFA) and prilled saturated fatty acids (SFAs). The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of supplementing SFA in the form of triglycerides (TSFA), as compared to CSFA, on yields, efficiency and diet digestibility in high-yielding dairy cows. Twenty-eight (14 cows in each group) multiparous cows were fed a basal diet supplemented (on DM basis) with either 12 g/kg TSFA (~350 g/cow per day – contained 980 g/kg fat; 882.3 g/kg SFAs) or 14 g/kg CSFA (~440 g/cow per day – contained 800 g/kg fat; 566.4 g/kg SFAs). The supplement amounts in the diet were balanced according to fat content. Rumen samples were taken for measurements of ammonia and volatile fatty acids concentrations, and fecal samples were taken for digestibility measurements. The CSFA cows produced 3% higher milk yields (47.6 v. 46.2 kg/day; P < 0.0001) and 4.7% higher 4% fat-corrected milk (FCM; 44.7 v. 42.7 kg/day; P = 0.02) than the TSFA cows. No difference in milk-fat content was observed, but milk-protein content was higher in the TSFA than CSFA cows. Yields of fat and protein were similar, but lactose yields were higher in TSFA cows. There were no differences in dry matter intake or efficiency calculations between groups. The ruminal ammonia concentrations were similar between groups, whereas acetate concentrations and acetate : propionate ratio were greater for CSFA than TSFA cows. The apparent total-tract digestibility of dry (P < 0.0007) and organic matters (P < 0.0003), fat (P < 0.0001), NDF and ADF (P = 0.02) were lower in the TSFA v. CSFA cows. In conclusion, the CSFA-supplemented cows produced 3% higher milk and 4.7% higher 4% FCM than the TSFA cows. However, TSFA supplementation did not depress milk-protein content. The apparent total-tract digestibility was lower for all dietary components in the TSFA cows, which was probably due to the effects of both degree of saturation and triglyceride form of the TSFA supplement. Considering that diets were balanced according to the fat content of the supplements, the lower yields of milk and FCM observed in the TSFA than CSFA cows were likely due to the lower digestibility of the fat and other nutrients in the TSFA cows, which might have negatively influenced the dietary energy content.

Keywords

dairy cowsfat supplementssaturated fatty acidstriglyceridesnutrient digestibility
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 14 , Issue 5 , May 2020 , pp. 973 - 982
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2019

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Footnotes

a

Present address: Department of Animal Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA

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