Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T09:01:56.809Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Supplying sows energy on the expected day of farrowing improves farrowing kinetics and newborn piglet performance in the first 24 h after birth

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 June 2020

R. A. Oliveira ,
J. S. Neves ,
D. S. Castro ,
S. O. Lopes ,
S. L. Santos ,
S. V. C. Silva ,
V. O. Araújo ,
M. F. A. Vieira ,
B. B. D. Muro  and
D. F. Leal
...Show all authors
R. A. Oliveira
Affiliation:
Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Campus Paragominas, PA-256, Paragominas, Pará, 68627-451, Brazil
J. S. Neves
Affiliation:
Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Campus Paragominas, PA-256, Paragominas, Pará, 68627-451, Brazil
D. S. Castro
Affiliation:
Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Campus Paragominas, PA-256, Paragominas, Pará, 68627-451, Brazil
S. O. Lopes
Affiliation:
Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Campus Paragominas, PA-256, Paragominas, Pará, 68627-451, Brazil
S. L. Santos
Affiliation:
Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Campus Paragominas, PA-256, Paragominas, Pará, 68627-451, Brazil
S. V. C. Silva
Affiliation:
Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Campus Paragominas, PA-256, Paragominas, Pará, 68627-451, Brazil
V. O. Araújo
Affiliation:
Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Campus Paragominas, PA-256, Paragominas, Pará, 68627-451, Brazil
M. F. A. Vieira
Affiliation:
Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Campus Paragominas, PA-256, Paragominas, Pará, 68627-451, Brazil
B. B. D. Muro
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, São Paulo, 13635-900, Brazil
D. F. Leal
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, São Paulo, 13635-900, Brazil
R. F. Carnevale
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, São Paulo, 13635-900, Brazil
G. Almond
Affiliation:
Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
C. A. P. Garbossa*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, São Paulo, 13635-900, Brazil
*
†E-mails: cgarbossa@usp.br; cgarbossa@hotmail.com
Get access

Abstract

The farrowing process is one of the most energy-demanding activities for the modern hyperprolific sow. This study evaluated the effects of supply of energy on the expected date of farrowing on the farrowing kinetics and piglets’ performance during the first 24 h after birth. A total of 80 sows were used. The sows and their respective litters were considered as the experimental unit. On the expected day of farrowing, the sows were allocated to one of the following groups: sows that did not have access to feed from farrowing induction until the end of the farrowing process (CON, n = 40); sows fed 500 g of energetic supplement, which consisted of 250 g of the basal lactation diet plus 250 g of cane sugar, 18 h after farrowing induction (SUP, n = 40). The farrowing duration, farrowing assistance, birth interval, number of total born, stillborn and mummified piglets were recorded for each sow. Piglets were weighed individually at birth and 24 h later. The interval from birth to first suckle was evaluated individually for each piglet in 16 randomly selected litters (eight litters per treatment group). Blood glucose concentrations of six sows were measured shortly after expulsion of the first piglet. Farrowing duration, farrowing assistance and stillborn rate tended to be greater (P = 0.06, P = 0.09 and P = 0.07, respectively) in sows from the CON group compared to sows from the SUP group. However, there was no difference (P > 0.05) between the groups for birth interval. Colostrum intake was greater (P < 0.05) for piglets from the SUP group compared to piglets from the CON group. Additionally, BW gain of the piglets suckling the SUP group was greater (P < 0.05) than those suckling the CON group at 24 h after birth. The blood glucose concentrations during the expulsive stage of farrowing were greater (P < 0.05) in the SUP group than for sows from the CON group. In conclusion, supplying modern hyperprolific sows energy on the expected day of farrowing is a valuable nutritional intervention to improve the farrowing kinetics and piglets’ performance in early life.

Keywords

energy supplementfarrowingstillbirthglucoseswine
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 14 , Issue 11 , November 2020 , pp. 2271 - 2276
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Animal Consortium

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alonso-Spilsbury, M, Mota-Rojas, D, Villanueva-García, D, Martínez-Burnes, J, Orozco, H, Ramírez-Necoechea, R, Mayagoitia, AL and Trujillo, ME 2005. Perinatal asphyxia pathophysiology in pig and human: a review. Animal Reproduction Science 90, 1–30.Google ScholarPubMed
Devillers, N, van Milgen, J, Prunier, A and Le Dividich, J 2004. Estimation of colostrum intake in the neonatal pig. Animal Science 78, 305–313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Federation of Animal Science Societies (FASS) 2010. Guide for the care and use of agricultural animals in research and teaching. 3rd ed. Champaign (IL): FASS. Retrived on 15 June 2018 from http://www.fass.orgGoogle Scholar
Feldpausch, JA, Jourquin, J, Bergstrom, JR, Bargen, JL, Bokenkroger, CD, Davis, DL, Gonzalez, JM, Nelssen, JL, Puls, CL, Trout, WE and Ritter, MJ 2019. Birth weight threshold for identifying piglets at risk for preweaning mortality. Translational Animal Science 3, 633–640.Google ScholarPubMed
Feyera, T and Theil, PK 2017. Energy and lysine requirements and balances of sows during transition and lactation: a factorial approach. Livestock Science 201, 50–57.Google Scholar
Feyera, T, Pedersen, TF, Krogh, U, Foldager, L and Theil, PK 2018. Impact of sow energy status during farrowing on farrowing kinetics, frequency of stillborn piglets, and farrowing assistance. Journal of Animal Science 96, 2320–2331.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fix, JS, Cassady, JP, Holl, JW, Herring, WO, Culbertson, MS and See, MT 2010. Effect of piglet birth weight on survival and quality of commercial market swine. Livestock Science 132, 98–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herpin, P, Le Dividich, J, Claude, HJ, Fillaut, M, De Marco, F and Bertin, R 1996. Effects of the level of asphyxia during delivery on viability at birth and early postnatal vitality of newborn pigs. Journal of Animal Science 74, 2067–2075.Google ScholarPubMed
Herpin, P, Hulin, JC, Le Dividich, J and Fillaut, M 2001. Effect of oxygen inhalation at birth on the reduction of early postnatal mortality in pigs. Journal of Animal Science 79, 5–10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holm, B, Bakken, M, Vangen, O and Rekaya, R 2004. Genetic analysis of litter size, parturition length, and birth assistance requirements in primiparous sows using a joint linear threshold animal model. Journal of Animal Science 82, 2528–2533.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Karon, BS, Gandhi, GY, Nuttal, GA, Bryant, SC, Schaff, HV, McMahon, MM and Santrach, PJ 2007. Accuracy of roche accu-chek inform whole blood capillary, arterial, and venous glucose values in patients receiving intensive intravenous insulin therapy after cardiac surgery. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 127, 919–926.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Koketsu, Y, Tani, S and Lida, R 2017. Factors for improving reproductive performance of sows and herd productivity in commercial breeding herds. Porcine Health Management 3, 1.Google ScholarPubMed
Maes, D, Papadopoulos, G, Cools, A and Janssens, GPJ 2010. Postpartum dysgalactia in sows: pathophysiology and risk factors. Tierärztliche Praxis. Ausgabe G, Grosstiere/Nutztie 38, 15–20.Google Scholar
Manell, E, Hedenqvist, P, Svensson, A and Jensen-Waern, M 2016. Establishment of a refined oral glucose tolerance test in pigs, and assessment of insulin, glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 responses. PLoS ONE 11, e0148896.Google Scholar
Mellagi, APG, Heim, G, Bernardi, ML, Botolozzo, FP and Wentz, I 2009. Caracterização e desempenho reprodutivo de fêmeas suínas submetidas à intervenção obstétrica manual. Ciência Rural 39, 1478–1484.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moreira, RHR, Palencia, JYP, Moita, VHC, Caputo, LSS, Saraiva, A, Andretta, I, Ferreira, RA and de Abreu, MLT 2020. Variability of piglet birth weights: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 104, 657–666.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Muns, R, Nuntapaitoon, M and Tummaruk, P 2016. Non-infectious causes of pre-weaning mortality in piglets. Livestock Science 184, 46–57.Google Scholar
Oliviero, C, Heinonen, M, Valros, A and Peltoniemi, O 2010. Environmental and sow-related factors affecting the duration of farrowing. Animal Reproduction Science 119, 85–91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Quesnel, H, Farmer, C and Devillers, N 2012. Colostrum intake: influence on piglet performance and factors of variation. Livestock Science 145, 105–114.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quiniou, N, Dagorn, J and Gaudré, D 2002. Variation of piglets’ birth weight and consequences on subsequent performance. Livestock Production Science 78, 63–70.Google Scholar
Rostagno, HS, Albino, LFT, Hannas, MI, Donzele, JL, Sakomura, NK, Perazzo, FG, Saraiva, A, Teixera, ML, Rodrigues, PB, Oliveira, RF, Barreto, SLT and Brito, CO 2017. Tabelas brasileiras para aves e suínos: composição de alimentos e exigências nutricionais, 4th edition, Departamento de Zootecnia, UFV, Viçosa.Google Scholar
Theil, PK, Jørgensen, H, Larsen, T, Serena, A and Knudsen, KEB 2010. Comparison of glucose concentration and glucose absorption from the GI-tract in pigs in whole blood and in plasma. Livestock Science 133, 30–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vallet, JL, Miles, JR and Rempel, LA 2013. Effect of creatine supplementation during the last week of gestation on birth intervals, stillbirth, and preweaning mortality in pigs. Journal of Animal Science 91, 2122–2132.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van den Bosch, M, Wijnen, J, Van de Linde, IB, Van Wesel, AAM, Melchior, M, Kemp, B, van den Brand, H and Clouard, C 2019. Effects of maternal dietary nitrate supplementation on farrowing and placental characteristics, level of asphyxiation at birth and pigletvitality. Theriogenology 129, 1–7.Google Scholar
Van Dijk, AJ, Van Rens, BTTM, Van Der Lende, T and Taverne, MAM 2005. Factors affecting duration of the expulsive stage of parturition and piglet birth intervals in sows with uncomplicated, spontaneous farrowings. Theriogenology 64, 1573–1590.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Kempen, T 2007. Supplements to facilitate parturation and reduce perinatal mortality in pigs. In Recent advance in animal nutrition (eds. Garnsworthy, P. C. and Wiseman, J.), pp. 317–330. Nottingham University Press, Nottinghan, UK.Google Scholar
Wray, S 2015. Insights from physiology into myometrial function and dysfunction. Experimental Physiology 100, 1468–1476.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yang, Y, Hu, CJ, Zhao, X, Xiao, K, Deng, M, Zhang, L, Qiu, X, Deng, J, Yin, Y and Tan, C 2019. Dietary energy sources during late gestation and lactation of sows: effects on performance, glucolipid metabolism, oxidative status of sows, and their offspring. Journal of Animal Science 97, 4608–4618.CrossRefGoogle Scholar