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Use of milk epithelial cells to study regulation of cell activity and apoptosis during once-daily milking in goats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 November 2010

H. Ben Chedly ,
P. Lacasse ,
P.-G. Marnet ,
M. Komara ,
S. Marion  and
M. Boutinaud
H. Ben Chedly
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1080 Production du Lait, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1080 Production du Lait, F-35000 Rennes, France
P. Lacasse
Affiliation:
Dairy and Swine R&D Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, PO Box 90 STN Lennoxville, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada J1M 1Z3
P.-G. Marnet
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1080 Production du Lait, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1080 Production du Lait, F-35000 Rennes, France
M. Komara
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1080 Production du Lait, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1080 Production du Lait, F-35000 Rennes, France
S. Marion
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1080 Production du Lait, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1080 Production du Lait, F-35000 Rennes, France
M. Boutinaud*
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1080 Production du Lait, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1080 Production du Lait, F-35000 Rennes, France
*
†E-mail: marion.boutinaud@rennes.inra.fr
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Abstract

Generally, once-daily milking (ODM) decreases milk yield. This effect may be the consequence of a decrease in mammary epithelial cell (MEC) activity or a reduction in their number. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ODM on the synthetic activity and rate of apoptosis of MEC using a non-invasive method. Eight Alpine goats were subjected to ODM or twice-daily milking for two 5-week periods. MECs were purified by centrifugation and immunocytochemical binding in milk after 1 and 5 weeks of each period. mRNA levels of some proteins involved in lactose and milk protein synthesis and in apoptosis were evaluated using real-time PCR. Isolation of MEC from milk was a useful method to investigate transcriptional regulation in a timeline study. ODM induced greater decreases in milk, lactose and protein yields after 1 week than after 5 weeks. This suggests an adaptation of the mammary gland to ODM, which reduces the inhibitory effect of this practice. Reductions in milk component yields were associated with lower α-lactalbumin transcripts, suggesting a transcriptional decrease of lactose synthesis during ODM. Glucose transporter GLUT1 transcripts were downregulated under ODM, suggesting that lactose precursor uptake by MEC might be involved in the regulation of lactose synthesis. κ-Casein mRNA levels tended to be lower during ODM. ODM increased levels of the pro-apoptotic transcript Bax after both 1 and 5 weeks, but no variation was observed in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. ODM affected cell synthetic activity through transcriptional regulation and may have induced apoptosis. The reduction of the negative effect of ODM on milk yield suggests that Alpine goats are able to adapt to ODM. Further studies are needed to investigate the effect of ODM on MEC turnover.

Keywords

milking frequencymRNAcell deathmilk synthesismammary gland
Type
Full Paper
Information
animal , Volume 5 , Issue 4 , 23 February 2011 , pp. 572 - 579
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2010

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