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Zinc availability and digestive zinc solubility in piglets and broilers fed diets varying in their phytate contents, phytase activity and supplemented zinc source

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2009

P. Schlegel ,
Y. Nys  and
C. Jondreville
P. Schlegel*
Affiliation:
Agroscope Liebefeld-Posieux, Research Station ALP, 1725 Posieux, Switzerland INRA, AgroParisTech, UMR791 Physiologie de la Nutrition et Alimentation, 75231 Paris, France
Y. Nys
Affiliation:
INRA, UR83 Recherches Avicoles, 37380 Nouzilly, France
C. Jondreville
Affiliation:
INRA, Agrocampus, UMR1079 Systèmes d’élevage Nutrition animale et humaine, 35590 Saint-Gilles, France
*
†E-mail: patrick.schlegel@alp.admin.ch
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Abstract

The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary zinc addition (0 or 15 mg/kg of Zn as inorganic or organic zinc) to three maize–soybean meal basal diets varying in their native Zn, phytic P contents and phytase activity (expressed in kg of feed: P− with 25 mg Zn and 1.3 g phytic P, P+ with 38 mg Zn and 2.3 g phytic P or P+/ENZ being P+ including 500 units (FTU) of microbial phytase per kg) in two monogastric species (piglets, broilers). Measured parameters were growth performance, zinc status (plasma, and bone zinc) and soluble zinc in digesta (stomach, gizzard and intestine). The nine experimental diets were fed for 20 days either to weaned piglets (six replicates per treatment) or to 1-day-old broilers (10 replicates per treatment). Animal performance was not affected by dietary treatments (P > 0.05) except that all P− diets improved body weight gain and feed conversion ratio in piglets (P < 0.05). Piglets fed P− diets had a better Zn status than those fed P+ diets (P < 0.05). In both species, Zn status was improved with supplemental Zn (P < 0.05), irrespective of Zn source. Phytase supplementation improved piglet Zn status to a higher extent than adding dietary Zn, whereas in broilers, phytase was less efficient than supplemental Zn. Digestive Zn concentrations reflected the quantity of ingested Zn. Soluble Zn (mg/kg dry matter) and Zn solubility (% of total Zn content) were highest in gizzard contents, which also presented lower pH values than stomach or intestines. The intestinal Zn solubility was higher in piglet fed organic Zn than those fed inorganic Zn (P < 0.01). Phytase increased soluble Zn in piglet stomach (P < 0.001) and intestine (P = 0.1), but not in broiler gizzard and intestinal contents. These results demonstrate (i) that dietary zinc was used more efficiently by broilers than by piglets, most probably due to the lower gizzard pH and its related higher zinc solubility; (ii) that zinc supplementation, irrespective of zinc source, was successful in improving animal’s zinc status; and (iii) suggest that supplemented Zn availability was independent from the diet formulation. Finally, the present data confirm that phytase was efficient in increasing digestive soluble Zn and improving zinc status in piglets. However, the magnitude of these effects was lower in broilers probably due to the naturally higher Zn availability in poultry than in swine.

Keywords

zincphytatepigletbroileravailability
Type
Full Paper
Information
animal , Volume 4 , Issue 2 , February 2010 , pp. 200 - 209
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2009

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