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Global Conjunctures and the Remaking of European Political History
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 19 September 2022
Abstract
Over the past decades, the writing of European history—in both its incarnations, as the history of Europe, and as the histories of nations in Europe—has seen fundamental transformations. Though it has been adapted in different ways, the global turn has deeply affected the historiography produced in many European countries. On the one hand, crucial watersheds of European history have been reinterpreted as part of larger configurations, and as responses to global challenges. On the other, it is now clear that Europe’s claim to unity and cohesion was reinforced, not least, by observers from without. In the late nineteenth century, in societies across Latin America, Africa, and Asia, contemporaries began to refer to a “Europe” that was less a specific location than a product of the imagination; the result less of geography or culture than of global geopolitics. What emerges, then, is an understanding of the history of the continent that places it firmly in the context of global conjunctures and repeated moments of re-territorialization.
Résumé
Au cours des dernières décennies, l’écriture de l’histoire européenne – qu’il s’agisse de l’histoire del’Europe ou de celle des pays d’Europe – a connu des transformations fondamentales. Le tournant global, bien qu’il ait été adapté de différentes manières, a profondément affecté l’historiographie produite dans de nombreux pays européens. D’une part, des moments charnières de l’histoire européenne ont été réinterprétés comme parties prenantes de configurations plus larges et comme réponses aux défis mondiaux. D’autre part, il est désormais clair que la prétention de l’Europe à l’unité et à la cohésion a été renforcée notamment par des observateurs extérieurs. À la fin du xixe siècle, dans les sociétés d’Amérique latine, d’Afrique et d’Asie, les contemporains ont commencé à se référer à une « Europe » qui était moins un lieu spécifique qu’un produit de l’imagination, autrement dit : qui résultait moins de la géographie ou de la culture que de la géopolitique mondiale. Il ressort de tout cela une compréhension de l’histoire du continent qui ancre fermement celui-ci dans le contexte de conjonctures mondiales et de moments répétés de re-territorialisation.
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References
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49 For a premature obituary, see Jeremy Adelman, “What Is Global History Now?” Aeon, March 2, 2017, https://aeon.co/essays/is-global-history-still-possible-or-has-it-had-its-moment. See also Richard Drayton and David Motadel, “Discussion: The Futures of Global History,” Journal of Global History 13, no. 1 (2018): 1–21.