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BILINGUAL APHASIA: ADAPTED LANGUAGE NETWORKS AND THEIR CONTROL

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 March 2008

David W. Green
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Abstract

This review focuses on the nature of language recovery in bilingual individuals poststroke and on the effectiveness of treatment. I consider neuropsychological and neuroimaging articles on bilingual aphasic individuals in the period 2003–2007. I examine the extent to which current evidence supports the notion that different languages are represented in distinct processing areas or are distributed in shared areas with common organizing principles. I argue for the second possibility with the extent of recovery affected by prior proficiency and current usage. I also argue that certain patterns of deficit indicate a problem in controlling the language in use rather than a representational deficit per se. Most studies concern chronic aphasic patients, and detailed studies of the effects of treatment and any plastic changes in response to such treatment remain sparse. I conclude with suggestions to further the understanding of recovery and treatment. To advance further, we need to understand the range of pathways in normal bilinguals that support a given language task, so that neural patterns associated with task performance poststroke can be properly interpreted. Imaging regional changes in blood flow immediately poststroke can help identify the regions and pathways associated with the recovery of function. Functional imaging studies of recovery and treatment in the chronic stage are also critical.

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Research Article
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Annual Review of Applied Linguistics , Volume 28 , March 2008 , pp. 25 - 48
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Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

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References

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Graf, P., & Schacter, D. L. (1985). Implicit and explicit memory for new associations in normal and amnesic patients. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 11, 501–518.Google Scholar
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Grogan, A., Crinion, J., Ali, N., Green, D. W., & Price, C. J. (2007). A VBM study of semantic fluency in the normal and damaged brain. Human Brain Mapping Conference, Chicago, IL, June 10–14, 2007.Google Scholar
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Hinckley, J. (2003). Picture naming treatment in aphasia yields greater improvement in L1. Brain and Language, 87, 171–172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Indefrey, P. (2006). A meta-analysis of hemodynamic studies on first and second language processing: Which suggested differences can we trust and what do they mean? Language Learning, 56, 279–304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jarema, G., Perlak, D., & Semenza, C. (2007). The processing of compounds in bilingual aphasia. Brain and Language, 103, 22–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kambanaros, M., & van Steenbrugge, W. (2006). Noun and verb processing in Greek–English bilingual individuals with anomic aphasia and the effect of instrumentality and verb–noun name relation. Brain and Language, 97, 162–177.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kay, J., Coltheart, M., & Lesser, R. (1992). Psycholinguistic assessment of language processing in aphasia. Hove, Sussex, UK: Psychology Press.Google Scholar
Kiran, S., & Edmonds, L. A. (2004). Effect of semantic naming treatment on cross linguistic generalization in bilingual aphasia. Brain and Language, 91, 75–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kiran, S., & Tuctenhagen, J. (2005). Imageability effects in normal bilingual adults and in aphasia: Evidence from naming to definition and semantic priming tasks. Aphasiology, 19 (3/4/5), 315–325.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kotz, S. A., Frisch, S., von Cramon, D. Y., Friederici, A. D. (2003). Syntactic language processing: ERP lesion data on the role of the basal ganglia. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 9, 1053–1060.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kroll, J. F., & Stewart, E. (1994). Category interference in translation and picture naming: Evidence for asymmetric connection between bilingual memory representations. Journal of Memory and Language, 33, 149–174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levelt, W. J. M., Roelofs, A., & Meyer, A. S. (1999). A theory of lexical access in speech production. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22, 1–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Longworth, C. E., Keenan, S. E., Barker, R. A., Marslen-Wilson, W. D., & Tyler, L. K. (2005). The basal ganglia and rule-governed language use: Evidence from vascular and degenerative conditions. Brain, 128, 584–596.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lucas, T. H., McKhann, G. M., & Ojemann, G. A. (2004). Functional separation of languages in the bilingual brain: A comparison of electrical stimulation language mapping in 25 bilingual patients and 117 monolingual control patients. Journal of Neurosurgery, 101, 449–457.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noppeney, U., Patterson, K., Tyler, L. K., Moss, H., Stamatakis, E. A., Bright, P., et al. (2007). Temporal lobe lesion and semantic impairment: A comparison of herpes simplex virus encephalitis and semantic dementia. Brain, 130 (4), 1133–1147.Google ScholarPubMed
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