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From wood to vent: first cocculinid limpet associated with hydrothermal activity discovered in the Weddell Sea

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 April 2020

Chong Chen Open the ORCID record for Chong Chen [Opens in a new window]  and
Katrin Linse Open the ORCID record for Katrin Linse [Opens in a new window]
Chong Chen*
Affiliation:
X-STAR, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology(JAMSTEC), 2–15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa Prefecture237-0061, Japan
Katrin Linse
Affiliation:
British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, CambridgeCB3 0ET, UK
*
cchen@jamstec.go.jp
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Abstract

Lush ‘oases’ of life seen in chemosynthetic ecosystems such as hot vents and cold seeps represent rare, localized exceptions to the generally oligotrophic deep ocean floor. Organic falls, best known from sunken wood and whale carcasses, are additional sources of such oases. Kemp Caldera (59°42'S, 28°20'W) in the Weddell Sea exhibits active hydrothermal vents and a natural whale fall in close proximity, where an undescribed cocculinid limpet was found living in both types of chemosynthetic habitats. This represents the first member of the gastropod order Cocculinida discovered from hot vents, and also the first record from the Southern Ocean. Here, we applied an integrative taxonomy framework incorporating traditional dissection, electron microscopy, genetic sequencing and 3D anatomical reconstruction through synchrotron computed tomography in order to characterize this species. Together, our data revealed an unusual member of the genus Cocculina with a highly modified radula for feeding on bacterial film, described herein as Cocculina enigmadonta n. sp. Its phylogenetically derived position within the largely wood-inhabiting Cocculina indicates that it probably evolved from an ancestor adapted to living on sunken wood, providing a compelling case of the ‘stepping stone’ evolutionary trajectory from organic falls to seeps and vents.

Keywords

CocculinaCocculinidaeCocculiniformiamolluscnew speciesSouth Sandwich Arc
Type
Biological Sciences
Information
Antarctic Science , Volume 32 , Issue 5 , October 2020 , pp. 354 - 366
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Copyright
Copyright © Antarctic Science Ltd 2020

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Footnotes

This article is registered in ZooBank under: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:296FAB17-E989-4921-9E2D-2F8518B2D05F

Cocculina enigmadonta n. sp. is registered in ZooBank under: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0F15867C-6B73-40E3-B0C9-762F8CFE5730

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