The Excavation of Tregulland Burrow, Treneglos Parish, Cornwall

Paul Ashbee

doi:10.1017/S0003581500081932

The Excavation of Tregulland Burrow, Treneglos Parish, Cornwall

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 29 November 2011

Paul Ashbee

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The ruined and gutted barrow called Tregulland Burrow, when totally excavated, proved to have had a complex structure. Stake holes denoting withdrawn stakes, an infilled ‘ritual’ pit, a satellite grave containing a cremation and arrowheads, and most probably the central grave pit, were the features of the first phase of its construction. A cairn-ring, with a buttressing bank, the soil for which was dug from an encircling ditch, and its turf covering, comprised the second. A great slab bearing cup-marks and an ‘eyebrow’ motif, also other lesser cup-marked and ornamented slabs, were incorporated in cairn-ring and bank. Cup-marked stones recovered from the disturbed central area suggested the one-time existence of a stone-built grave incorporating such elements. After this second phase the barrow centre was open and arena-like, and a food vessel and a cremation were put in close by the cairn-ring. All was finally enveloped by material from the depths of the ditch. Poorly built walling or turves retained the final mound.

Type: Research Article
Information: The Antiquaries Journal , Volume 38 , Issue 3-4 , July 1958 , pp. 174 - 196

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003581500081932 [Opens in a new window]
Copyright: Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1958

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^{page 174 note 1} 6-inch O.S. Maps (Cornwall), XI, S.E.; Nat. Grid Ref. 220867.

^{page 175 note 1} Close Rolls, 1234–7, pp. 433, 434, note the medieval pottery from the disturbance.

^{page 175 note 2} Sir Cyril and Lady Fox visited the excavation. Mr. John Hopkins assisted during the later stages. Thanks are due to Dr. I. W. Cornwall, Dr. G. W. Dimbleby, Mr. G. F. Levy, and Dr. F. Wallis for their special reports. Mr. J. G. Hurst and Dr. M. W. Thompson are to be thanked n only for their visits but for administrative arrangements.

^{page 182 note 1} Y.A.J. xxxii, 27.

^{page 183 note 1} Measured drawings were made of all, and are filed for record.

^{page 183 note 2} Antiq. Journ. xxi, 98–114.

^{page 183 note 3} Forty Years (1905), pp. 153–6.

^{page 183 note 4} Arch. Journ. vii, 66.

^{page 183 note 5} Die Bauart der Einzelgräber, Mannusbibl, Leipzig (1930); P.P.S. iv, 258–71.

^{page 183 note 6} ‘Barrow Excavations in the Eight Beatitudes’, Palaeohistoria (1954), ii, iii.

^{page 183 note 7} P.P.S. xviii, 153.

^{page 184 note 1} Extra to Case's list: Davidstow, , Cornwall, , Arch. Newsletter, 2 No. 7, p. 110Google Scholar: Magna, Ludford, Lincolnshire, , Antiq. Journ. xxviii, 27Google Scholar; Down, Snail (site XV), Wiltshire, , W.A.M. lvi, 144 (interim);Google Scholar Amesbury G61, Wiltshire, , M.O.W. 1956Google Scholar; Arreton Down, Isle of Wight, M.O. W. 1956Google Scholar; Panty Dulath, P. Hayes to C. B. A., 1958.

^{page 184 note 2} Antiq. Journ. xxi, 122.

^{page 184 note 3} Arch. Journ. xcvi, 193–222.

^{page 184 note 4} Eight Beatitudes (pt. ii), pp. 150–1.

^{page 184 note 5} Arch. Journ. xcix, 7.

^{page 184 note 6} Antiq. Journ. xxxi, 1–24.

^{page 184 note 7} Hencken, , Arch. Corn, and Scilly, p. 41Google Scholar, fig. 13.

^{page 184 note 8} Archaeologia, lxxxvii, 142–66.

^{page 184 note 9} e.g. Barrow, Wick, P.S.A.N.S. liv, 1–77.Google Scholar

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^{page 184 note 12} P.R.I.A. liv, 37–74.

^{page 184 note 13} Bull. Board of Celtic Studies, ix (1939), 373.

^{page 184 note 14} Collins and Waterman, Millin Bay, A late Neolithic Cairn in Co. Down.

^{page 184 note 15} Antiq. Journ. i, 292; Hencken, , Arch. Corn. and Scilly, p. 73Google Scholar, fig. 20, A.B.

^{page 184 note 16} Arch. Journl. ci, 38–40, a variant of Abercromby's Type 2. Note also Plantation, Fargo, W.A.M. xlviii, 363Google Scholar; Beaulieu, , P.P.S. ix, 12Google Scholar, fig. 8, 1, 4; Simondston, , Archaeologia, lxxxvii, pl. XLVI, 1, 2.Google Scholar

^{page 185 note 1} Archaeologia, lxxvi, 94.

^{page 185 note 2} Ibid., pp. 81–106.

^{page 185 note 3} Aber., B.A.P., p. 21; Archaeologia, xliii, fig. 120, 154; W.A.M. iii, 1856.

^{page 185 note 4} Archaeologia, lii, 48, no. cclxxvii.

^{page 185 note 5} P.P.S. iv, 119.

^{page 185 note 6} B.M., B. Age Guide (1920), p. 88, fig. 87.

^{page 185 note 7} Sturge Coll. (Britain), pl. X, 14.

^{page 185 note 8} Curwen, Arch. Sussex, fig. 34, 21.

^{page 187 note 1} Cat. Mus. Arch. Soc. Pol. du Morbihan, 70, pl. IV.

^{page 187 note 2} Childe, , Dawn (1947), p. 264Google Scholar, fig. 125. Hollow based arrowheads from Shaft Grave IV, have pointed barbs. Karo, Schachtgraber, Taf. CI.

^{page 187 note 3} P.P.S. (1938), iv, 66, fig. 5.

^{page 187 note 4} Sturge Coll. (Britain), pl. xi, r, t. See also Antiq. Journ. xxxvi, 30.

^{page 187 note 5} Sturge Coll. (Britain), pl. XI, u, r.

^{page 187 note 6} Antiq. Journ. xii, 158–62.

^{page 188 note 1} P.U.B.S.S. V, 3; vi, 198.

^{page 188 note 2} P.P.S. ii, 204; B.M. Stone Age Guide (1926), p. 105.

^{page 188 note 3} Archaeologia, lxxxvii, pl. XLVII, I.

^{page 188 note 4} P.P.S. V, 132, fig. 3.

^{page 188 note 5} Piggott, , Neo. Cult., p. 176.Google Scholar

^{page 188 note 6} Childe, , Skara Brae, pp. 133–4.Google Scholar

^{page 188 note 7} P.P.S. v, 133.

^{page 188 note 8} Germania, xxxi, 233–4.

^{page 188 note 9} Aarboger, 1954, p. 134, fig. 15, c, p. 182, fig. 40.

^{page 188 note 10} Karo, , Schachtgräber, Teil I, 154Google Scholar, Abb. 73, 892.

^{page 189 note 1} P.P.S. vii, 50; xiii, 47; xvii, 99.

^{page 189 note 2} Antiq. Journ. xii, 17.

^{page 189 note 3} ‘Inner’ and ‘outer’ faces or sides refer to the relationship of the stones to the barrow centre, viz. the ‘inner’ side of the great slab from the eastern interior of the cairn-ring bore the ‘eyebrow’ motif. ‘Upper’ and ‘lower’ indicate the side found uppermost or lowermost in the barrow.

^{page 191 note 1} Arch. Camb. (1940), pp. 169–91.

^{page 191 note 2} Antiq. Journ. xix, 294.

^{page 191 note 3} Op. cit.

^{page 191 note 4} The Prehistory of Scotland, p. 173; Keiller, Megalithic Monuments of North East Scotland(1934).

^{page 192 note 1} Archaeologia, lxxxvii, 131–4, pl. XLII, 2.

^{page 192 note 2} Arch. Journ. ci, 17–49; cvii, 44–65.

^{page 192 note 3} Y.A.J. xxiv, 263.

^{page 192 note 4} P.S.A.S. lxxxii, 68–123.

^{page 192 note 5} Rev. Arch. (1890), 304; P.P.S. iv (1938), 100.

^{page 192 note 6} Antiq. Journ. xxviii, 26.

^{page 192 note 7} Ten Tears, pp. 172, 177.

^{page 192 note 8} B.B. 342 and G. CXXIX, G. CXXXI, G. CCXX; Archaeologia, lii, 45.

^{page 192 note 9} e.g. Coilsfield, &c.

^{page 192 note 10} Hencken, , op. cit., p. 77.Google Scholar

^{page 192 note 11} Wheeler, , Prehistoric and Roman Wales, p. 82Google Scholar; Daniel, , Chamber Tombs, pp. 192, 198.Google Scholar

^{page 192 note 12} Archaeologia, lii, 14.

^{page 192 note 13} J.R.A.I. vi (1877), 279–86; Curwen, , Arch. Sussex (1954), pl. XII, 4.Google Scholar

^{page 192 note 14} Cowling, Rombalds Way (1946), 100, fig. 46.

^{page 192 note 15} Piggott, , Neolithic Cultures, pp. 211–12.Google Scholar

^{page 193 note 1} Ibid., 218.

^{page 193 note 2} P.P.S. xxiii, 158–9.

^{page 193 note 3} Pant y Dulath. Information from Mr. P. Hayes.

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The Excavation of Tregulland Burrow, Treneglos Parish, Cornwall

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