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A cross-language study on feedforward and feedback control of voice intensity in Chinese–English bilinguals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2020

Xiao Cai Open the ORCID record for Xiao Cai [Opens in a new window] ,
Yulong Yin  and
Qingfang Zhang
Xiao Cai
Affiliation:
Renmin University of China
Yulong Yin
Affiliation:
Renmin University of China
Qingfang Zhang*
Affiliation:
Renmin University of China
*
*Corresponding author. Email: qingfang.zhang@ruc.edu.cn
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Abstract

Speech production requires the combined efforts of feedforward and feedback control, but it remains unclear whether the relative weighting of feedforward and feedback control is organized differently between the first language (L1) and the second language (L2). In the present study, a group of Chinese–English bilinguals named pictures in their L1 and L2, while being exposed to multitalker noise. Experiment 1 compared feedforward control between L1 and L2 speech production by examining intensity increases in response to a masking noise (90 dB SPL). Experiment 2 compared feedback control between L1 and L2 speech production by examining intensity increases in response to a weak (30 dB SPL) or strong noise (60 dB SPL). We also examined a potential relationship between L2 fluency and the relative weighting of feedforward and feedback systems. The results indicated that L2 speech production relies less on feedforward control relative to L1, exhibiting attenuated Lombard effects to the masking noise. In contrast, L2 speech production relies more on feedback control than L1, producing larger Lombard effects to the weak and strong noise. The relative weighting of feedforward and feedback control is dynamically changed as second language learning progresses.

Keywords

L2 speech motor controlfeedforward controlfeedback controlLombard effectvoice intensity
Type
Original Article
Information
Applied Psycholinguistics , Volume 41 , Issue 4 , July 2020 , pp. 771 - 795
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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