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Ecophysiological responses of invasive and indigenous mytilidsin the Ría de Vigo (NW Spain)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 September 2011

Jose M.F. Babarro  and
Malwenn Lassudrie
Jose M.F. Babarro*
Affiliation:
Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
Malwenn Lassudrie
Affiliation:
Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), 3 rue des Archives, CS 93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
*
aCorresponding author:jbabarro@iim.csic.es
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Abstract

The impact of an alien species is correlated with its abundance and potential to colonisenew environments. Consequently, the crucial aspects that give a mytilid species invasivepotential include its strength and capacity for adhesion to a wide variety of substratesand its ecological tolerance to environmental conditions. The alien black pygmy musselXenostrobus securis settles together with the indigenous and raftcultured mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis on hard substrates of the innercoastline of the Ría de Vigo (Atlantic Coast NW Spain). Key parameters for the ecologicalsuccess of these species could include their byssus structure and ecological plasticity.In this study, we assessed their comparative ability to attach to different substratesunder different environmental conditions, using both in situ and laboratory approaches.Byssus threads secreted by X. securis were found to be extremely thin andtheir thickness did not vary with mussel size. This thinness of byssus filaments inX. securis was compensated by the secretion of a huge number (up tothousand of byssus filaments). Although no increase in attachment strength was found withincreasing mussel size in this species, multiple byssus thread secretion might be a keyfactor in the successful invasion of inner areas of the estuary. Furthermore, X.securis exposes a much lower shell area to lift and drag forces in musselconglomerates. By contrast, the indigenous species M. galloprovincialissecretes thicker byssus threads, which provide stronger in situ attachmentdisplaying a linear increase in strength relative to the size of mussels. The exposure ofboth mytilid species to different abiotic factors in the laboratory confirmed the weakerbyssus secretion and limited variation in attachment strength in the alien species. On onehand, X. securis seemed to be better adapted to life on soft bottoms andnot capable of much plasticity when attached to different substrates. However, X.securis might be also well adapted to variable environmental conditions, e.g.,salinity fluctuations, with no need to modify its byssus properties to ensure secureattachment. Attachment strength of M. galloprovincialis was higher thanX. securis in all abiotic conditions tested. Results are discussed inrelation to the ecological tolerance and impact of these mytilid species.

Keywords

EcophysiologyInvasionAttachment strengthByssus secretionBivalvesXenostrobus securisMytilus galloprovincialis
Type
Research Article
Information
Aquatic Living Resources , Volume 24 , Issue 3: Physiomar10 , July 2011 , pp. 303 - 315
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, IFREMER, IRD 2011

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