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I wish to thank Augustin Berque, Denis Cosgrove, and Tim Ingold for their critical and stimulating comments on my article. I shall discuss the main arguments in their reactions in the order I received their paper respectively. To begin with, I agree with Cosgrove that the relation between landscape and modernity is ‘more complex and ambiguous’ than in my summary and I agree further with him, quoting Rose (1993), that the viewing subject in its distanced and proprietorial relationship with the environment is mostly a male subject. At least since Merchant's Death of nature (1980) we are aware of the gendered nature of the modern scientific approach of nature. But although it is true that there are ‘several histories of nature’ and that many details may be put forward to complete my view, I nevertheless contend that the main lines in my short history of ‘the invention of the landscape’ are basically right.