Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T14:05:37.883Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Look Before You Leap: The Epistemic Violence that Sometimes Hides Behind the Word “Inclusion”

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 July 2015

Bronwyn Fredericks*
Affiliation:
School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, The Alfred, Victoria, 3004, Australia; Indigenous Studies Research Network, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, 4059, Australia, The Centre for Clinical Research Excellence (CCRE), Queensland Aboriginal and Islander Health Council (QAIHC), PO Box 3205, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia, and The Victorian Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation (VACCHO), PO Box 1328, Collingwood, Victoria, 3066, Australia
Get access

Abstract

This paper demonstrates how Indigenous studies is controlled in some Australian universities in ways that continue the marginalisation, denigration and exploitation of Indigenous peoples. Moreover, it shows how the engagement of white notions of “inclusion” can result in the maintenance of racism, systemic marginalisation, white race privilege and radicalised subjectivity. A case study will be utilised which draws from the experience of two Indigenous scholars who were invited to be part of a panel to review one Australian university's plan and courses in Indigenous studies. The case study offers the opportunity to destabilise the relationships between oppression and privilege and the epistemology that maintains them. The paper argues for the need to examine exactly what is being offered when universities provide opportunities for “inclusion”.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alfred, T. (2004). Warrior scholarship; Seeing the University as a ground of contention. In Mihesuah, D. A. & Wilson, A.C. (Eds.), Indigenizing the academy: Transforming scholarship and empowering communities (pp. 8899). Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.Google Scholar
Croft, P. J. (2003). ART song: The soul beneath my skin. Unpublished Doctor of Visual Art thesis, Queensland College of Art, Griffith University, Brisbane.Google Scholar
Dei, G. & Calliste, A. (Eds.). (2000). Power, knowledge and anti-racism education: A critical reader. Halifax: Fernwood.Google Scholar
Dei, G., Karumanchery, L. L., & Larumanchery-Luik, N. (2005). Playing the race card: Exposing white power and privilege. New York, NY: Peter Lang Publishing Group.Google Scholar
Deloria, V. Jr. (2004). Marginal and submarginal. In Mihesuah, D. A. and Wilson, A. C. (Eds.), Indigenizing the academy transforming scholarship and empowering communities (pp. 1631). Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.Google Scholar
Fredericks, B. (2003). Talking about women's health: Aboriginal women's perceptions and experiences of health, well-being, identity, body and health services. Unpublished PhD thesis, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton.Google Scholar
Fredericks, B., & Croft, P. (2006). The artistic partnership of two women. Flying Arts Gazette, 91 (December), 2123.Google Scholar
Fredericks, B., & Croft, P. (2007). Voicing the visions we longed for and have worked towards. In World Indigenous Nations Higher Education Consortium (WINHEC), Indigenous voices and Indigenous visions (pp. 5056). Otaki, Aotearoa: World Indigenous Nations Higher Education Consortium.Google Scholar
Fredericks, B., & Croft, P. (2008). Finding a space to make an impact within the contemporary world. International Journal of Studies in Learning, Evaluation, Innovation and Development, 5(1): 112.Google Scholar
Henderson, J. S. Y. (2000). Challenges of respecting Indigenous World Views in Eurocentric Education. In Neil, R. (Ed.) Voice of the drum: Indigenous education and culture (pp. 5980). Brandon, Manitoba: Kingfisher Publications.Google Scholar
Henry, F., & Tatar, C. (2007). Through a looking glass: Enduring university racism on the university campus. Academic Matters, February, 24-25.Google Scholar
hooks, b. (1994). Teaching to transgress: Education as the practice of freedom. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Khan, S. (2005). Reconfiguring the Native informant: Positionality in the global age. Signs, 30(4), 2017–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumashiro, K. K. (2000). Toward a theory of anti-oppressive education. Review of Eductaional Research, 70(1): 2553.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lorde, A. (1984). Sister outsider: Essays and speeches. Freedom, CA: Crossing Press.Google Scholar
MacIntosh, P. (1998). White privilege: Unpacking the invisible knapsack. In Rothenberg, P. (Ed.) Race, class, gender in the United States: An integrated study (4th ed.) (pp. 165169). New York, NY: St Martin's Press.Google Scholar
Martin, K. (2003). Ways of knowing, being and doing: A theoretical framework and methods for Indigenous re-search and Indigenist re-search. Journal of Australian Studies, 76, 203214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mihesuah, D. A. (2004). Academic gatekeepers. In Mihesuah, D. A. and Wilson, A. C. (Eds.), Indigenizing the academy: Transforming scholarship and empowering communities (pp. 3147). Lincoln: University of Nebraska PressGoogle Scholar
Mihesuah, D. A., & Wilson, A. C. (Eds.). (2004) Indigenizing the academy: Transforming scholarship and empowering communities. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.Google Scholar
Monture-Angus, P. (1995). Thunder in my soul a Mohawk woman speaks. Halifax: Fernwood Publishing.Google Scholar
Moreton-Robinson, A. (2000). Talkin' up to the white woman: Indigenous women and feminism. St Lucia, QLD: University of Queensland Press.Google Scholar
Moreton-Robinson, A. (2004a). Whiteness, epistemology and Indigenous representation. In Moreton-Robinson, A. (Ed.), Whitening race (pp. 7588). Canberra, ACT: Aboriginal Studies Press.Google Scholar
Moreton-Robinson, A. (2004b). The possessive logic of patriarchal white sovereignty: The High Court and the Yorta Yorta decision. borderlands e-journal, 3 (2), 19. Retrieved 23 July 2008, from http://www.borderlands.net.au/vol3no2_2004/moreton_possessive.htm.Google Scholar
Moreton-Robinson, A. (2005a). The house that Jack built: Britishness and white possession. Australian Critical Race and Whiteness Studies Association Journal, 1, 2129.Google Scholar
Moreton Robinson, A. (2005b). Whiteness matters: Australian studies and Indigenous studies. In Carter, D. & Crotty, M. (Eds.), Australian Studies Centre 25th anniversary collection (pp. 3846). Brisbane, QLD: Australian Studies Centre, The University of Queensland.Google Scholar
Moreton-Robinson, A. (2006). Towards a new research agenda Foucalt, whiteness and Indigenous sovereignty. Journal ofSociology, 42(4): 383395.Google Scholar
Moreton-Robinson, A. (2007). Sovereign subjects: Indigenous sovereignty matters. Crows Nest, NSW: Allen & Unwin.Google Scholar
Nakata, M. (2004). Indigenous Australian studies and higher education: 2004 Biennial AIATSIS Wentworth Lecture. Canberra, ACT: Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies.Google Scholar
Ngugi, wa Thiong'o. (1993). Moving the centre: The struggle for cultural freedoms. London: James Currey.Google Scholar
Nicoll, F. (2004a). Reconciliation in and out of perspective: White knowing, seeing, curating and being at home in and against Indigenous sovereignty. In Moreton-Robinson, A. (Ed.) Whitening race: Essays in social and cultural criticism, (pp. 1730). Canberra, ACT: Aboriginal Studies Press.Google Scholar
Nicoll, F. (2004b). “Are you calling me a racist?” Teaching critical whiteness theory in Indigenous sovereignty. borderlands. Retrieved 29 July, 2008, from http://www.borderlandsejournal.adelaide.edu.a/vol3no2_2004/nicoll_teaching.htm.Google Scholar
Rintoul, S. (1993). The wailing: A national black oral history. Port Melbourne, VIC: William Heinmann.Google Scholar
Smith, L. T. (1999). Decolonising methodologies: Research and Indigenous peoples. London: Zed Books.Google Scholar
Spivak, G. C. (1999). A critique of postcolonial reason: Toward a history of the vanishing present. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar