Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T05:00:28.722Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Comparative intelligence and intelligent comparisons

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 May 2008

R. Allen Gardner
R. Allen Gardner
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and Center for Advanced Studies, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557. gardner@unr.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Sound comparative psychology and modern evolutionary and developmental biology emphasize powerful effects of developmental conditions on the expression of genetic endowment. Both demand that evolutionary theorists recognize these effects. Sound comparative psychology also demands experimental procedures that prevent experimenters from shaping the responses of human and nonhuman beings to conform to theoretical expectations.

Type
Open Peer Commentary
Information
Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 31 , Issue 2 , April 2008 , pp. 135 - 136
Copyright
Copyright ©Cambridge University Press 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bodamer, M. D. & Gardner, R. A. (2002) How cross-fostered chimpanzees initiate and maintain conversations. Journal of Comparative Psychology 116:12–26.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boesch, C. (1991) Teaching among wild chimpanzees. Animal Behaviour 41:530–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chalcraft, V. J. & Gardner, R. A. (2005) Cross-fostered chimpanzees modulate signs of American Sign Language. Gesture 5:107–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gardner, B. T. & Gardner, R. A. (1989) A cross-fostering laboratory. In: Teaching sign language to chimpanzees, ed. Gardner, R. A., Gardner, B. T. & Van Cantfort, T. E.. SUNY Press.Google Scholar
Gardner, B. T. & Gardner, R. A. (1989) A test of communication. In: Teaching sign language to chimpanzees, ed. Gardner, R. A., Gardner, B. T. & Van Cantfort, T. E.. SUNY Press.Google Scholar
Gardner, B. T. & Gardner, R. A. (1998) Development of phrases in the early utterances of children and cross-fostered chimpanzees. Human Evolution 13:161–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gardner, B. T. & Gardner, R. A. (1998) The structure of learning from sign stimuli to sign language. Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Goodall, J. (1986) The chimpanzees of Gombe: Patterns of behavior. Belknap Press.Google Scholar
Harlow, H. F. (1949) The formation of learning sets. Psychological Review 56:51–65.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Herrmann, E., Call, J., Hernandez-Lloreda, M. V., Hare, B. & Tomasello, M. (2007) Humans have evolved specialized skills of social cognition: The cultural intelligence hypothesis. Science 317:1360–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jensvold, M. L. J. & Gardner, R. A. (2000) Interactive use of sign language by cross-fostered chimpanzees. Journal of Comparative Psychology 114:335–46.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Koehler, W. (1925/1959) The mentality of apes, 2nd edition, trans. Winter, E.. Vintage Books/Harcourt, Brace. (Original work published in 1925).Google Scholar
Luchins, A. S. & Luchins, E. H. (1994) The water jar experiments and Einstellung effects: Part II. Gestalt psychology and past experience. Gestalt Theory 16:205–70.Google Scholar
Marbe, K. (1917) Die Rechenkunst der Schimpansen Basso im Frankfurter zoologischen Garten nebst Berkingne zur Tierpsychologie und einem offenem Brief an Harn Krall. Fortscheritte der Psychologie 4:135–87.Google Scholar
Pfungst, O. (1911/1965) Clever Hans, trans. Henry Holt, C. L. Rahn.. (Original work published in 1911).Google Scholar
Povinelli, D. J., Rulf, A. B., Landau, K. R. & Bierschwale, D. T. (1993) Self-recognition in chimpanzees: Distribution, ontogeny, and patterns of emergence. Journal of Comparative Psychology 107:347–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Russon, A. E. & Galdikas, B. M. F. (1993) Imitation in free-ranging rehabilitant orangutans. Journal of Comparative Psychology 107:147–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shaw, H. L. (2001) Gaze direction and conversational interactions of chimpanzees. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Nevada, Reno.Google Scholar
Tomasello, M., Davis-Dasilva, M., Camak, L. & Bard, K. (1987) Observational learning of tool use by young chimpanzees. Human Evolution 2:175–83.Google Scholar
Van Cantfort, T. E., Gardner, B. T. & Gardner, R. A. (1989) Developmental trends in replies to Wh-questions by children and chimpanzees. In: Teaching sign language to chimpanzees, ed. Gardner, R. A., Gardner, B. T. & Van Cantfort, T. E.. SUNY Press.Google Scholar
Visalberghi, E. & Limongelli, L. (1994) Lack of comprehension of cause-effect relations in tool-using capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella). Journal of Comparative Psychology 108:15–22.Google Scholar
Wallace, A. R. (1889) Darwinism: An exposition of the theory of natural selection with some of its applications. Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warden, C. J. & Warner, L. H. (1928) The sensory capacities and intelligence of dogs with a report on the ability of the noted dog “Fellow” to respond to verbal stimuli. Quarterly Review of Biology 3:1–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watanabe, K. (1994) Precultural behavior of Japanese macaques: Longitudinal studies of the Koshima troops. In: The ethological roots of culture, ed. Gardner, R. A., Gardner, B. T., Chiarelli, A. B. & Plooij, F. X.. Kluwer Academic.Google Scholar