Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T18:19:42.797Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Behavioural Assessment of Pharmacotherapy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 October 2014

Nirbhay N. Singh  and
Ivan L. Beale
Nirbhay N. Singh*
Affiliation:
University of Canterbury, New Zealand
Ivan L. Beale
Affiliation:
University of Auckland, New Zealand
*
Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
Get access

Abstract

There is growing recognition of the need for adequate procedures for evaluation of the effects of psychotropic drugs on the behaviour of individuals. Traditional methodology for drug evaluation is group based and therefore inappropriate for use with only one or a few subjects. Alternative procedures are described that are suitable for use with even a single subject, based on single-case research designs developed by researchers in applied behaviour analysis. Guidelines are given for choosing designs and methods of measurement that control for the common threats to internal and external validity and will enable clear and unambiguous conclusions to be reached regarding drug effects.

Type
Articles
Information
Behaviour Change , Volume 3 , Issue 1 , March 1986 , pp. 34 - 40
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 1986

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Adamson, W.C., Neillis, B.P., Runge, G., Cleland, C. & Killian, E. (1958). Use of tranquillisers for mentally deficient patients. American Journal of Diseases of Children, 96, 159–164.Google Scholar
Aman, M.G. & Singh, N.N. (1980). The usefulness of thioridazine for treating childhood disorders: Fact or folklore? American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 84, 331–338.Google Scholar
Aman, M.G. & Singh, N.N. (1983). Pharmacological intervention. In Matson, J.L. & Mulick, J.A. (Eds.), Handbook of mental retardation pp. 317–337. New York: Pergamon Press.Google Scholar
Barlow, D.H. & Hayes, S.C. (1979). Alternating treatments design: One strategy for comparing the effects of two treatments in a single subject. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 12, 199–210.Google Scholar
Barlow, D.H. & Hersen, M. (1984). Single-case experimental designs, 2nd ed. New York: Pergamon Press.Google Scholar
Bijou, S.E., Peterson, R.F. & Ault, M.H. (1968). A method to integrate descriptive and experimental field studies at the level of data and empirical concepts. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1, 175–191.Google Scholar
Butcher, M.J. (1983). Representativeness of observational data. Unpublished Master's thesis. University of Auckland.Google Scholar
Edgington, E.S. (1980). Randomization tests. New York: Dekker.Google Scholar
Harris, F.C. & Lahey, B.B. (1978). A method for combining occurence and non-occurence interobserver agreement scores. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 11, 523–527.Google Scholar
Hartmann, D.P., Gottman, J.M., Jones, R.R., Gardner, W., Kazdin, A.E. & Vaught, R. (1980). Interrupted time-series analysis and its application to behavioral data. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 13, 543–559.Google Scholar
Hawkins, R.P. & Dobes, R.W. (1976). Behavioral definitions in applied behavior analysis: Explicit and implicit. In. Etzel, B.C., LeBlanc, J.M. & Baer, D.M. (Eds.), New developments in behavioral research: Theory, methods and applications, pp. 167–188. Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Hawkins, R.P. & Fabry, B.D. (1979). Applied behavior analysis and interobserver reliability. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 12, 545–552.Google Scholar
Jones, R.R., Vaught, R.. & Weinrott, M. (1977) Time-series analysis in operant research. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 10, 151–166.Google Scholar
Kazdin, A.E. (1978). The methodology of applied behavior analysis. In Catania, A.C. & Brigham, T.A. (Eds.). Handbook of applied behavior analysis: Social and instructional processes, pp. 61–104. New York: Irvington Publishers.Google Scholar
Kazdin, A.E. (1982). Single-case research designs: Methods for clinical and applied settings. New York: Oxford.Google Scholar
Kent, R.N. & Foster, S.L. (1977). Direct observational procedures: Methodological issues in naturalistic settings. In Ciminero, A.R., Calhoun, K.S. & Adams, H.E. (Eds.), Handbook of behavioral assessment, pp. 279–328. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Kratochwill, T.R. & Levin, J.R. (1980). On the applicability of various data analysis procedures to the simultaneous and alternating treatments designs in behaviour therapy research. Behavioral Assessment, 2, 353–360.Google Scholar
Marholin, D. & Phillips, D. (1976). Methodological issues in psychopharmacological research: Chlorpromazine - a case in point. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 46, 477–495.Google Scholar
Orne, M.T. (1962). On the social psychology of the psychological experiment: With particular reference to demand characteristics and their implications. American Psychologist, 17, 776–783.Google Scholar
Rapport, M.D., Murphy, H.A. & Bailey, J.S. (1982). Ritalin vs response cost in the control of hyperactive children: A within-subject comparison. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 15, 205–216.Google Scholar
Revusky, S.H. (1967). Some statistical treatments compatible with individual organism methodology. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 10, 319–330.Google Scholar
Sprague, R.L. & Werry, J.S. (1971). Methodology of psychopharmacological studies with the retarded. In Ellis, N.R. (Ed.), International review of research in mental retardation, Vol. 5, pp. 147–219. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Towns, A.J., Singh, N.N. & Beale, I.L. (1984). Reliability of observations in a double-and single-blind drug study: An experimental analysis. In Gadow, K.D. & Bialer, I. (Eds.), Advances in learning and behavioral disabilities. Vol. 3. pp. 215–240. Greenwich, Conn.: JAI Press.Google Scholar
Tryon, W.W. (1982). A simplified time-series analysis for evaluating treatment interventions. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 15, 423–429.Google Scholar
Wells, K.C., Conners, C.K., Imber, L. & Delamater, A. (1981). Use of single-subject methodology in clinicial decision-making with a hyperactive child in the psychiatric inpatient unit. Behavioral Assessment, 3, 359–369.Google Scholar