Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T04:42:20.411Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Modified Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Depressive Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease: a Pilot Trial

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 January 2019

Sephora H. Rodgers ,
Robert Schütze ,
Natalie Gasson ,
Rebecca A. Anderson ,
Robert T. Kane ,
Sergio Starkstein ,
Katherine Morgan-Lowes  and
Sarah J. Egan Open the ORCID record for Sarah J. Egan [Opens in a new window]
Sephora H. Rodgers
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Curtin University
Robert Schütze
Affiliation:
School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University
Natalie Gasson
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Curtin University
Rebecca A. Anderson
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Curtin University
Robert T. Kane
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Curtin University
Sergio Starkstein
Affiliation:
School of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of Western Australia
Katherine Morgan-Lowes
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Curtin University
Sarah J. Egan*
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Curtin University
*
Correspondence to S.J. Egan, School of Psychology, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, Australia6847. E-mail: s.egan@curtin.edu.au
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Background: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) has evidence of efficacy in a range of populations, but few studies to date have reported on MBCT for treatment of anxious and depressive symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). Aims: The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of modified MBCT in reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression and improving quality of life in PD. Method: Thirty-six individuals with PD were randomly assigned to either modified MBCT or a waitlist control. Changes in symptoms of anxiety, depression and quality of life were compared at group level using generalized linear mixed models and at individual level using reliable change analysis. Results: At post-treatment, there was a significant reduction in depressive symptoms for people undertaking modified MBCT at both group and individual levels compared with controls. There was no significant effect on anxiety or quality of life at the group level, although significantly more people had reliable improvement in anxiety after modified MBCT than after waitlist. Significantly more waitlist participants had reliable deterioration in symptoms of anxiety and depression than those completing modified MBCT. Most participants stayed engaged in modified MBCT, with only three drop-outs. Discussion: This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the potential efficacy of modified MBCT as a treatment for depressive symptoms in Parkinson's disease and suggests further research is warranted.

Keywords

anxietydepressionmindfulness-based cognitive therapyParkinson's
Type
Research Article
Information
Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy , Volume 47 , Issue 4 , July 2019 , pp. 446 - 461
Copyright
Copyright © British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Advocat, J., Enticott, J., Vandenberg, B., Hassed, C., Hester, J. and Grant, R. (2016). The effects of a mindfulness-based lifestyle program for adults with Parkinsons disease: a mixed methods, wait list controlled randomised control study. BMC Neurology, 16, 166–177. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-016-0685-1Google Scholar
Alsubaie, M., Abbott, R., Dunn, B., Dickens, C., Keil, T. F., Henley, W. and Kuyken, W. (2017). Mechanisms of action in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) in people with physical and/or psychological conditions: a systematic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 55, 74–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2017.04.008Google Scholar
Bohlmeijer, E. T., Prenger, R., Taal, E. and Cuijpers, P. (2010). The effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy on mental health of adults with a chronic medical disease: a meta-analysis. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 68, 539–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.10.005Google Scholar
Cash, T. V., Ekouevi, V. S., Kilbourn, C. and Lageman, S. K. (2016). Pilot study of a mindfulness-based group intervention for individuals with Parkinson's disease and their caregivers. Mindfulness, 7, 361–371. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-015-0452-1Google Scholar
Dissanayaka, N. N. W., Idu Jion, F., Pachana, N. A., O'Sullivan, J. D., Marsh, R., Byrne, G. J. and Harnett, P. (2016). Mindfulness for motor and nonmotor dysfunctions in Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's Disease, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7109052Google Scholar
Dobkin, R. D., Menza, M., Allen, L. A., Gara, M. A., Mark, M. H., Tiu, J. et al. (2011). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression in Parkinson's disease: a randomized, controlled trial. American Journal of Psychiatry, 168, 1066–1074. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.10111669Google Scholar
Dyduch, A. and Załuska, M. (2015). Depression in Parkinson's disease: the effectiveness and risk of pharmacotherapy. Clinical review. Psychogeriatrics, 15, 147–153. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyg.12078Google Scholar
Ertan, F. S., Ertan, T., Kızıltan, G. and Uyguçgil, H. (2005). Reliability and validity of the Geriatric Depression Scale in depression in Parkinson's disease. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 76, 1445–1447. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2004.057984Google Scholar
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G. and Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39, 175–191. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193146Google Scholar
First, M. B., Spitzer, R. L., Gibbon, M. and Williams, J. B. W. (2002). Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders, Research Version, Patient Edition. (SCID-I/P). New York.Google Scholar
Fitzpatrick, L., Simpson, J. and Smith, A. (2010). A qualitative analysis of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) in Parkinson's disease. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 83, 179–192. https://doi.org/10.1348/147608309X471514Google Scholar
Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E. and McHugh, P. R. (1975). ‘Mini-mental state’: a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12, 189–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6Google Scholar
Frisina, P. G., Borod, J. C., Foldi, N. S. and Tenenbaum, H. R. (2008). Depression in Parkinson's disease: health risks, etiology, and treatment options. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 4, 81–91. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S1453Google Scholar
Gotink, R. A., Chu, P., Busschbach, J. J. V., Benson, H., Fricchione, G. L. and Hunink, M. G. M. (2015). Standardised mindfulness-based interventions in healthcare: an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of RCTs. PLoS ONE, 10, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124344Google Scholar
Grossman, P., Kappos, L., Gensicke, H., D'Souza, M., Mohr, D. C., Penner, I. K. and Steiner, C. (2010). MS quality of life, depression, and fatigue improve after mindfulness training: a randomized trial. Neurology, 75, 1141–1149. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181f4d80dGoogle Scholar
Gu, J., Strauss, C., Bond, R. and Cavanagh, K. (2015). How do mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction improve mental health and wellbeing? A systematic review and meta-analysis of mediation studies. Clinical Psychology Review, 37, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2015.01.006Google Scholar
Harnett, P.H., Whittingham, K., Puhakka, E., Hodges, J., Spry, C. and Dob, R. (2010). The short-term impact of a brief group-based mindfulness therapy program on depression and life satisfaction. Mindfulness, 1, 183‒188. doi: 10.1007/s12671-010-0024-3Google Scholar
Hofmann, S. G., Sawyer, A. T., Witt, A. A. and Oh, D. (2010). The effect of mindfulness-based therapy on anxiety and depression: a meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78, 169–183. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018555Google Scholar
Hughes, A. J., Daniel, S. E., Kilford, L. and Lees, A. J. (1992). Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease: a clinico-pathological study of 100 cases. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 55, 181–184. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.55.3.181Google Scholar
Hughes, T. A., Ross, H. F., Mindham, R. H. S. and Spokes, E. G. S. (2004). Mortality in Parkinson's disease and its association with dementia and depression. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 110, 118–123. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0404.2004.00292.xGoogle Scholar
Jacobson, N. S. and Truax, P. (1991). Clinical significance: a statistical approach to defining meaningful change in psychotherapy research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 59, 12–19. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.59.1.12Google Scholar
Johnson, A. R., Lawrence, B., Corti, E., Booth, L., Gasson, N., Thomas, M. G. et al. (2016). Suitability of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale in Parkinson's disease. Journal of Parkinson's Disease, 6, 609–616. https://doi.org/10.3233/JPD-160842Google Scholar
Leentjens, A. F. G., Dujardin, K., Marsh, L., Martinez-Martin, P., Richard, I. H., Starkstein, S. E. et al. (2008). Anxiety rating scales in Parkinson's disease: critique and recommendations. Movement Disorders, 23, 2015–2025. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.22233Google Scholar
Lovibond, S. H. and Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Sydney: Psychology Foundation.Google Scholar
Martinez-Martin, P., Rodriguez-Blazquez, C., Alvarez-Sanchez, M., Arakaki, T., Bergareche-Yarza, A., Chade, A. et al. (2013). Expanded and independent validation of the Movement Disorder Society–Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). Journal of Neurology, 260, 228–236. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-012-6624-1Google Scholar
McLean, G., Lawrence, M., Simpson, R. and Mercer, S. W. (2017). Mindfulness-based stress reduction in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review. BMC Neurology, 17, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-017-0876-4Google Scholar
Menza, M., Dobkin, R. D., Marin, H., Mark, M. H., Gara, M., Buyske, S. et al. (2009). The impact of treatment of depression on quality of life, disability, and relapse in patients with Parkinson's disease. Movement Disorders, 24, 1325–1332. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.22586Google Scholar
National Health and Medical Research Council (2014). Suicide risk assessment guidelines. See: www.nhmrc.gov.auGoogle Scholar
Pachana, N. and Byrne, G. (2012). The Geriatric Anxiety Inventory: international use and future directions. Australian Psychologist, 47, 33–38. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-9544.2011.00052.xGoogle Scholar
Peto, V., Jenkinson, C., Fitzpatrick, R. and Greenhall, R. (1995). The development and validation of a short measure of functioning and well being for individuals with Parkinson's disease. Quality of Life Research, 4, 241–248. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02260863Google Scholar
Pickut, B., Vanneste, S., Hirsch, M. A., Van Hecke, W., Kerckhofs, E., Mariën, P. et al. (2015). Mindfulness training among individuals with Parkinson's disease: neurobehavioral effects. Parkinson's Disease, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/816404Google Scholar
Piet, J. and Hougaard, E. (2011). The effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for prevention of relapse in recurrent major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 31, 1032–1040. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2011.05.002Google Scholar
Pilling, S., Anderson, I., Goldberg, D., Meader, N., Taylor, C. on behalf of the two guideline development groups (2009). Depression in adults, including those with a chronic physical health problem: summary of NICE guidance. BMJ, 339, b4108. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b4108Google Scholar
Reijnders, J. S. A. M., Ehrt, U., Weber, W. E. J., Aarsland, D. and Leentjens, A. F. G. (2008). A systematic review of prevalence studies of depression in Parkinson's disease. Movement Disorders, 23, 183–189. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.21803Google Scholar
Schulz, K. F., Altman, D. G. and Moher, D. (2010). CONSORT 2010 statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 63, 834–840. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.02.005Google Scholar
Segal, Z. V, Williams, J. M. G. and Teasdale, J. D. (2002). Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Depression: A New Approach to Preventing Relapse. New York, NY: Guilford Publications.Google Scholar
Segal, Z. V, Williams, J. M. G. and Teasdale, J. D. (2012). Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Depression: A New Approach to Preventing Relapse (2nd edn). New York, NY: Guilford Publications.Google Scholar
Sheikh, J. I. and Yesavage, J. A. (1986). Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) recent evidence and development of a shorter version. In Brink, T. L. (ed), Clinical Gerontology: A Guide to Assessment and Intervention. New York, NY: The Haworth Press. https://doi.org/10.1300/J018v05n01_09Google Scholar
Simuni, T. and Fernandez, H. U. (2013). Anxiety in Parkinson's disease. In Pfeiffer, R. F. and Bodis-Wollner, I. (eds), Parkinson's Disease and Nonmotor Dysfunction (pp. 17–29). New York, NY: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-429-6Google Scholar
Starkstein, S. E., Mayberg, H. S., Preziosi, T. J., Andrezejewski, P., Leiguarda, R. and Robinson, R. G. (1992). Reliability, validity and clinical correlates of apathy in Parkinson's disease. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 4, 134–139. doi: 10.1176/jnp.4.2.134Google Scholar
Tan, L. C. S., Luo, N., Nazri, M., Li, S. C. and Thumboo, J. (2004). Validity and reliability of the PDQ-39 and the PDQ-8 in English-speaking Parkinson's disease patients in Singapore. Parkinsonism and Related Disorders, 10, 493–499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2004.05.007Google Scholar
Teasdale, J. D., Segal, Z. V. and Ridgeway, V. A. (2000). Prevention of relapse/recurrence in major depression by Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68, 615–623.Google Scholar
Troeung, L., Egan, S. and Gasson, N. (2013). A meta-analysis of randomised placebo-controlled treatment trials for depression and anxiety in Parkinson's disease. PLoS One, 8, e79510. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079510Google Scholar
Troeung, L., Egan, S. J. and Gasson, N. (2014). A waitlist-controlled trial of group cognitive behavioural therapy for depression and anxiety in Parkinson's disease. BMC Psychiatry, 14, 19. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-14-19Google Scholar
Vøllestad, J., Sivertsen, B. and Nielsen, G. H. (2011). Mindfulness-based stress reduction for patients with anxiety disorders: evaluation in a randomized controlled trial. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 49, 281–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2011.01.007Google Scholar
Weintraub, D. and Stern, M. B. (2007). Disorders of mood and affect in Parkinson's disease. In Handbook of Clinical Neurology (vol. 83, pp. 421–433). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0072-9752(07)83019-3Google Scholar
Williams, M. (2011). Mindfulness Meditation with Mark Williams: Guided Meditation for Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy. Oxford, UK: Oxford Mindfulness Centre.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: Image

Rodgers et al. supplementary material

Rodgers et al. supplementary material 1

Download Rodgers et al. supplementary material(Image)
Image 340.4 KB
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.