Urine-Triggered Alarm Signals and Prompts to Promote Daytime Urinary Continence in a Boy with Severe Intellectual Disability

Abstract

A strategy involving urine-triggered alarm signals and prompts combined with positive reinforcement for appropriate urination was employed for promoting daytime urinary continence in a boy with severe intellectual disability. The strategy, which was applied only in the day centre the boy attended, seemed effective for promoting self-initiated toileting actions and for eliminating almost totally large urinary accidents. Some small urinary accidents (consisting of wetting small areas of the underpants) remained. Implications of the findings are discussed.