Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T10:03:53.821Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Samian Ware and Society in Roman Britain and Beyond

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 August 2011

Steven Willis
Steven Willis
Affiliation:
University of Kents.willis@kent.ac.uk
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Samian ware being widely present, of striking quality, and highly useful to the archaeologist has a special position within Roman studies. This article brings a large body of samian ware data together to explore the nature of its incidence at settlements and in graves. The examination shows how the nature of samian ware distribution is highly structured between different types of site and between different consumers. This is shown to be so in the case of both Britain and the other Western provinces. The findings raise issues around the use of samian ware in society and point the way to harnessing the rich potential of samian as a source of information as understanding of its utility for the archaeologist expands.

Type
Articles
Information
Britannia , Volume 42 , November 2011 , pp. 167 - 242
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2011. Published by The Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Alarcão de, J., Étienne, R., Delgado, M., Mayet, F., and de Alarcão, A.M. 1975: Fouilles de Conimbriga, Vol. 4, Les sigillees, ParisGoogle Scholar
Alarcão de, J., Étienne, R., and Mayet, F. 1990: Les Villas romaines de São Cucufate (Portugal), ParisGoogle Scholar
Allain, J., Fauduet, I., and Tuffreau-Libre, M. 1992: La Nécropole gallo-romaine du ‘champ de l'Image’ à Argentomagus (Saint-Marcel, Indre), Revue Archéologique du Centre de la France Supp. 3, Saint-MarcelCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, T. 2007: ‘Archaeological discoveries on the A2 Pepperhill to Cobham widening scheme’, Kent Archaeological Society Newsletter 73, 1–4Google Scholar
Allison, P. 2004: Pompeii Households: Analysis of the Material Culture, Los AngelesGoogle Scholar
Appadurai, A. (ed.) 2005: The Social Life of Things: Commodities in Cultural Perspective, CambridgeGoogle Scholar
Atkinson, D. 1914: ‘A hoard of samian ware from Pompeii’, Journal of Roman Studies 4, 26–64CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Atkinson, M., and Preston, S.J. 1998: ‘The late Iron Age and Roman settlement at Elms Farm, Heybridge, Essex, excavations 1993–5: an interim report’, Britannia 29, 85–110Google Scholar
Barber, A., and Holbrook, N. 2001: ‘A Romano-British settlement to the rear of Denchworth Road, Wantage, Oxfordshire: evaluation and excavation in 1996 and 1998’, Oxoniensia 66, 289–335Google Scholar
Barraud, D. 1998: ‘La contribution de SRA/CREDAA: Camille Jullian’, in Urteaga, M.M. (ed.), CAESAR: Proyecto de valorización de las cerámicas arqueológicas en el eje atlántico europeo, Report to the European Commission, unpub., 48–80Google Scholar
Biddle, M. 1967: ‘Two Flavian burials from Grange Road, Winchester’, Antiquaries Journal 47, 224–50Google Scholar
Biddulph, E. 2003: ‘Experimental use of samian: preliminary results’, paper presented at the 32nd annual conference of the Study Group for Roman Pottery, Segedunum, Wallsend, July 2003Google Scholar
Biddulph, E. 2008: ‘Form and function: the experimental use of Roman Samian ware cups’, Oxford Journal of Archaeology 27/ 1, 91–100CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biddulph, E. 2009: ‘Copying the typesetter: investigating the accuracy of samian imitations’, paper presented at the 38th annual conference of the Study Group for Roman Pottery, University College Chichester, July 2009Google Scholar
Bidwell, P.T. 1985: The Roman Fort of Vindolanda, at Chesterholm, Northumberland, LondonGoogle Scholar
Bird, J. 1986a: ‘Samian wares’, in Miller et al. 1986, 139–98Google Scholar
Bird, J. 1986b: ‘The samian ware’, in Millett, M.J. and Graham, D., Excavations on the Romano-British Small Town at Neatham, Hampshire, 1969–1979, Gloucester, 63–80, plus microficheGoogle Scholar
Blockley, K., Blockley, M., Blockley, P., Frere, S.S., and Stow, S. 1995: Excavations in the Marlowe Car Park and Surrounding Areas, CanterburyGoogle Scholar
Bloemers, J.H.F. 1990: ‘Lower Germany: plura consilio quam vi. Proto-urban settlement developments and the integration of native society’, in Blagg, T. and Millett, M. (eds), The Early Roman Empire in the West, Oxford, 72–86Google Scholar
Booth, P.M. 1991: ‘Inter-site comparisons between pottery assemblages in Roman Warwickshire: ceramic indicators of site status’, Journal of Roman Pottery Studies 4, 1–10Google Scholar
Booth, P.M. 1997: Asthall, Oxfordshire: Excavations in a Roman ‘Small Town’, 1992, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Booth, P.M. 2004: ‘Quantifying status: some pottery data from the Upper Thames valley’, Journal of Roman Pottery Studies 11, 39–52Google Scholar
Booth, P.M., and Evans, J. 2001: Roman Alcester: Northern Extramural Area, 1969–1988 Excavations, Council for British Archaeology Research Report 127, YorkGoogle Scholar
Bourgeois, A., and Mayet, F. 1991: Belo 6: Les sigillees, Casa de Velazquez, MadridGoogle Scholar
Breeze, D.J. 1977: ‘The fort at Bearsden and the supply of pottery to the Roman army’, in Dore and Greene 1977, 133–46Google Scholar
Brooks, H. 2004: Archaeological Excavation at 29–39 Head Street, Colchester, Essex, May–Sept 2000, CAT Report 268, ColchesterGoogle Scholar
Brown, A.E. (ed.) 1995: Roman Small Towns in the East of England and Beyond, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Burnham, B.C., and Johnson, H.B. (eds) 1979: Invasion and Response: the Case of Roman Britain, BAR British Series 73, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Caruana, I.D. 1992: ‘Carlisle: excavation of a section of the annexe ditch of the first Flavian fort, 1990’, Britannia 23, 45–109CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Casey, P.J. 1986: Understanding Ancient Coins, BatsfordGoogle Scholar
Cheer, P. 1989: ‘The pottery’, in M.D. Smoothy, ‘A Roman rural site at Rayne, Essex: excavations 1987’, Essex Archaeology and History 20, 14–15Google Scholar
Clarke, S. 1994: ‘A quantitative analysis of the finds from the Roman fort at Newstead – some preliminary findings’, in Cottam et al. 1994, 72–82CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clay, P., and Pollard, R.J. 1994: Iron Age and Roman Occupation in the West Bridge Area, Leicester: Excavations 1962–1971, LeicesterGoogle Scholar
Cool, H.E.M. 2004: The Roman Cemetery at Brougham, Cumbria: Excavations 1966–67, Britannia Monograph 21, LondonGoogle Scholar
Cool, H.E.M. 2006: Eating and Drinking in Roman Britain, CambridgeCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cool, H.E.M., and Baxter, M.J. 1999: ‘Peeling an onion: an approach to comparing vessel glass assemblages’, Journal of Roman Archaeology 12, 72–100CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cool, H.E.M., Lloyd-Morgan, G., and Hooley, A.D. 1995: Finds from the Fortress, The Archaeology of York: the Small Finds 17/10, YorkGoogle Scholar
Cooper, N.J. 2000: ‘Rubbish counts: quantifying portable material culture in Roman Britain’, in Pearce, S. (ed.), Researching Material Culture, Leicester, 75–86Google Scholar
Cooper, N.J. 2007: ‘Promoting the study of finds in Roman Britain: democracy, integration and dissemination. Practice and methodologies for the future’, in Hingley and Willis 2007, 35–52Google Scholar
Cottam, S., Dungworth, D., Scott, S., and Taylor, J. (eds) 1994: TRAC94: Proceedings of the 4th Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference, Durham 1994, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Croom, A.T. 2003: ‘Function and ownership of pottery vessels at Arbeia Roman fort’, paper presented at the 32nd annual conference of the Study Group for Roman Pottery, Segedunum, Wallsend, July 2003Google Scholar
Crummy, P., Benfield, S., Crummy, N., Rigby, V., and Shimmin, D. 2007: Stanway: An Élite Burial Site at Camulodunum, Britannia Monograph 24, LondonGoogle Scholar
Dannell, G.B. 1979: ‘Eating and drinking in pre-conquest Britain: the evidence of amphorae and samian trading and the effect of the invasion of Claudius’, in Burnham and Johnson 1979, 177–84Google Scholar
Dannell, G.B. 2002: ‘Law and practice: further thoughts on the organization of the potteries at la Graufesenque’, in Genin, M. and Vernhet, A. (eds), Céramiques de la Graufesenque, Archéologie et Histoire Romaine 7, 211–42Google Scholar
Dannell, G.B. 2007: ‘The samian’, in Crummy et al. 2007, 305–7Google Scholar
Darling, M.J. 1977: ‘Pottery from early military sites in western Britain’, in Dore and Greene 1977, 57–100Google Scholar
Darling, M.J. 1998: ‘Samian from the city of Lincoln: a question of status?’, in Bird, J. (ed.), Form and Fabric. Studies in Rome's Material Past in Honour of B.R. Hartley, Oxford, 169–77Google Scholar
Darvill, T.C., and Russell, B. 2002: Archaeology after PPG16: Archaeological Investigations in England 1990–1999, Bournemouth and LondonGoogle Scholar
Dickinson, B.M. 1999a: ‘Samian stamps’, in Symonds, R.P. and Wade, S., Roman Pottery from Excavations in Colchester, 1971–86, Colchester, 120–36Google Scholar
Dickinson, B.M. 1999b: ‘Samian’, in Going, C.J. and Hunn, J.R., Excavations at Boxfield Farm, Chells, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, Hertford, 84–7Google Scholar
Dickinson, B.M. 1999c: ‘Fabric Class S, samian’, in S.C. Palmer, ‘Archaeological excavations in the Arrow Valley, Warwickshire’, Transactions of the Birmingham and Warwickshire Archaeological Society 103, 106–7Google Scholar
Dickinson, B.M. 2000: ‘Samian’, in Buxton, K. and Howard-Davis, C., Bremetenacum, Excavations at Roman Ribchester 1980, 1989–1990, Lancaster, 202–24Google Scholar
Dickinson, B.M. 2001a: ‘Samian’, in Flitcroft 2001, 59Google Scholar
Dickinson, B.M. 2001b: ‘Samian ware’, in Leach with Evans 2001, 144–9Google Scholar
Dickinson, B.M., and Bird, J. 1985: ‘The samian ware’, in Hinchliffe with Sparey-Green 1985, 74–82Google Scholar
Dickinson, B.M., and Croom, A.T. 1999: ‘The samian ware’, in Bidwell, P., Snape, M. and Croom, A.T., Hardknott Roman Fort, Cumbria, Kendal, 77–82Google Scholar
Dickinson, B.M., and Hartley, B.R. 1993: ‘Illustrated samian’, in Monaghan, J., Roman Pottery from the Fortress: 9 Blake Street, The Archaeology of York: the Pottery 16/7, York, 745–69Google Scholar
Dickinson, B.M., and Hartley, B.R. 2000: ‘The samian’, in Rush, P., Dickinson, B.M., Hartley, B.R. and Hartley, K.F., Roman Castleford, Excavations 1974–85, Vol. III: The Pottery, Leeds, 5–88Google Scholar
Dickinson, B.M., Hartley, B.R., and Pengelly, H.W. 2004: ‘Samian wares’, in Cool 2004, 345–50Google Scholar
Dore, J., and Greene, K.T. (eds) 1977: Roman Pottery Studies in Britain and Beyond, BAR Supplementary Series 30, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Eckardt, H. 2000. ‘Illuminating Roman Britain’, in Fincham et al. 2000, 8–21Google Scholar
Eckardt, H. 2002: Illuminating Roman Britain, Monographies Instrumentum 23, Editions Monique Mergoil, MontagnacGoogle Scholar
Eckardt, H. 2007. ‘Contexts in Colchester’, in Hingley and Willis 2007, 142–9Google Scholar
English Heritage 1998: Exploring Our Past, LondonGoogle Scholar
Evans, E. 2000: The Caerleon Canabae: Excavations in the Civil Settlement 1984–90, Britannia Monograph 16, LondonGoogle Scholar
Evans, J. 1987: ‘Graffiti and the evidence of literacy and pottery use in Roman Britain’, Archaeological Journal 144, 191–204Google Scholar
Evans, J. 1995a: ‘Roman finds assemblages: towards an integrated approach?’, in Rush, P. (ed.), Theoretical Roman Archaeology: Second Conference Proceedings, Aldershot, 33–58Google Scholar
Evans, J. 1995b: ‘Function and fine wares in the Roman North’, Journal of Roman Pottery Studies 6, 95–118Google Scholar
Evans, J. 1996: ‘The Roman pottery’, in Hughes, G., The Excavation of a Late Prehistoric and Romano-British Settlement at Thornwell Farm, Chepstow, Gwent, 1992, BAR British Series 244, Oxford, 46–64Google Scholar
Evans, J. 2001: ‘Material approaches to the identification of different Romano-British site types’, in James and Millett 2001, 26–35Google Scholar
Evans, J. 2006: ‘The Roman pottery’, in Millett 2006, 126–201Google Scholar
Evans, J. forthcoming: ‘Supply zones of the Roman army: pottery from King Street and beyond’Google Scholar
Evans, J., and Willis, S.H. 1997: ‘Research framework for the study of Roman pottery in the North of Britain’, in Willis, S.H. (ed.), Research Frameworks for the Study of Roman Pottery, Open UniversityGoogle Scholar
Fairless, K.J., and Coggins, D. 1986: ‘Excavations at the early settlement site of Forcegarth Pasture South, 1974–5’, Durham Archaeological Journal 2, 25–40Google Scholar
Fawcett, A. 2001: ‘Roman pottery’, in Fell, D. and Humphrey, R., The Excavation of an Iron Age and Roman Site at the Former Star and Fleece Hotel, Kelvedon, Essex Archaeology and History 32, 108–16Google Scholar
Fincham, G., Harrison, G., Holland, R., and Revell, L. (eds) 2000: TRAC99: Proceedings of the 9th Annual Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference, Durham 1999, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Flitcroft, M. 2001: Excavation of a Romano-British Settlement on the A149 Snettisham Bypass, 1989, East Anglian Archaeology 93, DerehamGoogle Scholar
Frere, S.S. 1972: Verulamium Excavations. Vol. 1, Reports of the Research Committee of the Society of Antiquaries of London 28, LondonGoogle Scholar
Frere, S.S. 1983: Verulamium Excavations. Vol. II, Reports of the Research Committee of the Society of Antiquaries of London 41, LondonGoogle Scholar
Fulford, M.G. 2001: ‘Links with the past: persuasive “ritual” behaviour in Roman Britain’, Britannia 32, 199–218Google Scholar
Fulford, M.G., and Huddleston, K. 1991: The Current State of Romano-British Pottery Studies. A Review for English Heritage, LondonGoogle Scholar
Gaffney, V.L., and White, R.H., with Goodchild, H. 2007: Wroxeter, the Cornovii and the Urban Process: Final Report on the Wroxeter Hinterland Project 1994–1997. Vol. 1. Researching the Hinterland, PortsmouthGoogle Scholar
Going, C.J. 1993: ‘The Roman pottery’, in Rodwell and Rodwell 1993, 64–70Google Scholar
Gregory, A., ed. by Gurney, D. 1996: A Romano-British Farmyard at Weeting, Norfolk, East Anglian Archaeology, Occasional Paper 1, NorwichGoogle Scholar
Griffiths, K.E. 1989: ‘Marketing of Roman pottery in second century Northamptonshire and the Milton Keynes area’, Journal of Roman Pottery Studies 2, 67–76Google Scholar
Groves, J. 1993: ‘Analysis of the pottery assemblages’, in G. Milne and A. Wardle, ‘Early Roman development at Leadenhall Court, London and related research’, Transactions of the London and Middlesex Archaeological Society 44, 122–7Google Scholar
Hartley, B.R. 1969: ‘Samian ware or Terra Sigillata’, in Collingwood, R.G. and Richmond, I.A., The Archaeology of Roman Britain, London, 235–51Google Scholar
Hartley, B.R. 1972a: ‘The Roman occupations of Scotland: the evidence of samian ware’, Britannia 3, 1–55Google Scholar
Hartley, B.R. 1972b: ‘The samian ware’, in Frere 1972, 216–62Google Scholar
Hartley, B.R. 1994: ‘The samian stamps in the Period 1 ditch’, in Birley, R., Vindolanda 1: The Early Wooden Forts – The Excavations of 1973–76 and 1985–89, with some additional details from the Excavations of 1991–93, Hexham, 23–4Google Scholar
Hartley, B.R. 2000: ‘The samian’, in Evans, E. 2000, 178–97Google Scholar
Hartley, B.R., and Dickinson, B.M. 1981: ‘Samian ware’, in Perrin, J.R., Roman Pottery from the Colonia: Skeldergate and Bishophill, The Archaeology of York: the Pottery, 16/2, York, 70–3Google Scholar
Hartley, B.R., and Dickinson, B.M. 2008–11: Names on Terra Sigillata: an Index of Makers' Stamps and Signatures on Gallo-Roman Terra Sigillata (Samian Ware), Vols 1–7, LondonGoogle Scholar
Hartley, B.R., and Pengelly, H. 1976: ‘Samian ware’, in Stead, I.M., Excavations at Winterton Roman Villa and other Roman Sites in North Lincolnshire 1958–1967, London, 102–16Google Scholar
Haselgrove, C.C. 1982: ‘Wealth, prestige and power: the dynamics of political centralization in south-east England’, in Renfrew, C. and Shennan, S. (eds), Ranking, Resource and Exchange, Cambridge, 79–88Google Scholar
Hawthorne, J.W.J. 1997: ‘Post processual economics: the role of African Red Slip ware vessel volume in Mediterranean demography’, in Meadows et al. 1997, 29–37Google Scholar
Heeren, S. 2007: ‘Romeins importaardewerkende introductie van nieuwe eetgewoonten,’ in Roymans, N., Derks, T. and Heeren, S., Een Bataafse gemeenschap in de wereld van het Romeinse rijk; opgravingen te Tiel-Passewaaij, Utrecht, 145–56Google Scholar
Hensen, A., and Ludwig, R. 2005: Straße ins Jenseits. Die römischen Gräberfelder von Heidelberg, RemshaldenGoogle Scholar
Hinchliffe, J., with Sparey-Green, C. 1985: Excavations at Brancaster 1974 and 1977, East Anglian Archaeology 23, DerehamGoogle Scholar
Hingley, R., and Willis, S.H. (eds) 2007: Roman Finds: Context and Theory, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Hoffmann, B. 1995: ‘The quarters of legionary centurions of the Principate’, Britannia 26, 107–52Google Scholar
Holbrook, N. 1991: ‘The coarse pottery’, in V.A. Maxfield, ‘Tiverton Roman fort (Bolham): excavations 1981–1986’, Proceedings of the Devon Archaeological Society 49, 67–77Google Scholar
Holbrook, N., and Thomas, A. 1996: ‘The Roman and early Anglo-Saxon settlement at Wantage, Oxfordshire: excavations at Mill Street, 1993–4’, Oxoniensia 61, 109–79Google Scholar
Hosdez, C., and Jacques, A. 1989: La Nécropole à incinérations de Baralle (Pas-de-Calais), Nord-Ouest Archéologie 2, Berck-sur-MerGoogle Scholar
Hunter, F. 1998. ‘Discussion of the artefact assemblage’, in L. Main, ‘Excavation of a timber round-house and broch at the Fairy Knowe, Buchlyvie, Stirlingshire’, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 128, 393–401Google Scholar
Isserlin, R.M.J. 1995: ‘Roman Coggeshall II; excavations at “The Lawns”, 1989–93’, Essex Archaeology and History 26, 82–104Google Scholar
James, S.T., and Millett, M.J. (eds) 2001: Britons and Romans: Advancing an Archaeological Agenda, Council for British Archaeology Research Report 125, YorkGoogle Scholar
Joly, M. 2002: ‘Etude céramologique’, in Balmelle, A., Berthelot, F., Neiss, R. and Rollet, P., Reims (Marne): Le quartier gallo-romain de la rue de Venise et sa réoccupation à l'époque moderne, Reims, 71–144Google Scholar
Jones, G.D.B., and Webster, P.V. 1969: ‘Mediolanium: excavations at Whitchurch 1965–6’, Archaeological Journal 125, 193–254Google Scholar
King, A.C. 1980: ‘A graffito from La Graufesenque and “samia vasa”’, Britannia 11, 139–43Google Scholar
King, A.C., and Millett, M.J. 1993: ‘Samian’, in Casey, P.J. et al. , Excavations at Segontium (Caernarfon) Roman Fort, 1975–1979, Council for British Archaeology Research Report 90, London, 234–49Google Scholar
King, A.C., and Millett, M.J. 2006: ‘The samian pottery’, in Millett 2006, 141–9Google Scholar
Lambrick, G.H. 1984: ‘Pitfalls and possibilities in Iron Age pottery studies – experiences in the Upper Thames Valley’, in Cunliffe, B.W. and Miles, D. (eds), Aspects of the Iron Age in Central Southern Britain, Oxford, 162–77Google Scholar
Laurence, R. 1999: The Roads of Roman Italy: Mobility and Cultural Change, LondonGoogle Scholar
Leach, P., with Evans, C.J. 2001: Fosse Lane, Shepton Mallet 1990. Excavation of a Romano-British Roadside Settlement in Somerset, Britannia Monograph 18, LondonGoogle Scholar
Loridant, F., and Deru, X. 2009: Bavay: La nécropole gallo-romaine de ‘La Fache des Près Aulnoys’, LilleGoogle Scholar
Luik, M. von, and Reutti, F. 1988: Der Römerpark in Köngen, StuttgartGoogle Scholar
Lyne, M.A.B. 1993: ‘Two late Roman pottery assemblages from Belloc Rd’, in O.J. Gilkes, ‘Iron Age and Roman Littlehampton’, Sussex Archaeological Collections 131, 15–19Google Scholar
Marcy, T., Soupart, N., and Willems, S., with Watel-Lefebvre, F. 2008: ‘Le caveau funéraire de Fontaine-Notre-Dame (Nord): un exemple de choix de mobilier entre influences atrébate et nervienne’, Revue du Nord 90, 9–29Google Scholar
Mariën, M.E. 1983: ‘Tombe belgo-romaine à Arsimont (Namur)’, Archaeologia Belgica 255, 95–126Google Scholar
Marsh, G.D. 1981: ‘London's samian supply and its relationship to the development of the Gallic samian industry’, in Anderson, A.C. and Anderson, A.S. (eds), Roman Pottery Research in Britain and North-West Europe, BAR International Series 123, Oxford, 173–238Google Scholar
Martin, T.S. 1995: ‘The coarse wares’, in Isserlin 1995, 93–6Google Scholar
Martin, T.S. 2007: ‘Techniques for exploring context, deposition and chronology’, in Hingley and Willis 2007, 86–99Google Scholar
Mattingly, D.J. 2006: An Imperial Possession: Britain in the Roman Empire, LondonGoogle Scholar
McCarthy, M.R. 1990: A Roman, Anglian and Medieval Site at Blackfriars Street, Carlisle: Excavations 1977–9, KendalGoogle Scholar
McCarthy, M.R. 1991: ‘Introduction’, in Taylor 1991, 331–5Google Scholar
Meadows, K.I., Lemke, C.R., and Heron, J. (eds) 1997: TRAC96: Proceedings of the 6th Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference, Sheffield 1996, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Meates, G.W. 1987: The Roman Villa at Lullingstone, Kent, Vols I and II, MaidstoneGoogle Scholar
Medlycott, M. 2011: The Roman Town of Great Chesterford, East Anglian ArchaeologyGoogle Scholar
Mees, A.W. 1990: ‘Verzierte terra sigillata aus den Ausgrabungen bei Vechten in den Jahren 1920–1927’, Oudheidkundige Mededelingen uit het Rijksmuseum van Oudheden te Leiden 70, 109–81Google Scholar
Merrifield, R. 1987: The Archaeology of Ritual and Magic, LondonGoogle Scholar
Middleton, P. 1979: ‘Army supply in Roman Gaul: an hypothesis for Roman Britain’, in Burnham and Johnson 1979, 57–80Google Scholar
Miller, L., Schofield, J., and Rhodes, M. 1986: The Roman Quay at St Magnus House, London. Excavations at New Fresh Wharf, Lower Thames Street, London 1974–78, LondonGoogle Scholar
Millett, M.J. 1980: ‘Aspects of Romano-British pottery in West Sussex’, Sussex Archaeological Collections 118, 57–68Google Scholar
Millett, M.J. 1983: A Comparative Study of some Contemporaneous Pottery Assemblages from Roman Britain, unpub. DPhil thesis, University of OxfordGoogle Scholar
Millett, M.J. 1987a: ‘Boudicca, the first Colchester potters' shop and the dating of Neronian samian’, Britannia 18, 93–124Google Scholar
Millett, M.J. 1987b: ‘A question of time? Aspects of the future of pottery studies’, Bulletin of the Institute of Archaeology 24, 99–108Google Scholar
Millett, M.J. 1993a: ‘Samian from the sea’, Journal of Roman Archaeology 6, 415–19Google Scholar
Millett, M.J. 1993b: ‘A cemetery in an age of transition: King Harry Lane reconsidered’, in Struck, M. (ed.), Römerzeitliche Gräber als Quellen zu Religion, Bevölkerungsstruktur und Sozialgeschichte, Archäologische Schriften des Instituts für Vor- und Frühgeschichte der Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz 3, 255–82Google Scholar
Millett, M.J. (ed.) 2006: Shiptonthorpe, East Yorkshire. Archaeological Studies of a Romano-British Roadside Settlement, YeadonGoogle Scholar
Millett, M.J., and Halkon, P. forthcoming: Excavations and Fieldwork at Hayton, East YorkshireGoogle Scholar
Mills, J.M. 1997: ‘Samian ware’, in Booth 1997, 106–13Google Scholar
Monaghan, J. 1997: Roman Pottery from York, YorkGoogle Scholar
Monteil, G. 2005: Samian in Roman London, unpub. PhD thesis, University of London (Birkbeck College)Google Scholar
Monteil, G. 2008: ‘The distribution and use of samian inkwells in Londinium’, in Clark, J., Cotton, J., Hall, J., Sherris, R. and Swain, H. (eds), Londinium and Beyond: Essays on Roman London and its Hinterland for Harvey Sheldon, York, 177–83Google Scholar
Monteil, G., and Raynor, L. 2010: Who Needs a Samian Report? A Survey of Current Views and Practices in Samian Ware Training, Recording, Reporting and Publishing, English Heritage, PortsladeGoogle Scholar
Mudd, A., Williams, R.J., and Lupton, A. 1999: Excavations alongside Roman Ermin Street, Gloucestershire and Wiltshire. The Archaeology of the A419/A417 Swindon to Gloucester Road Scheme, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Niblett, B.R.K. 1985: Sheepen: An Early Roman Industrial Site at Camulodunum, Council for British Archaeology Research Report 57, LondonGoogle Scholar
Orton, C.R. 1982: Mathematics in Archaeology, CambridgeGoogle Scholar
Orton, C.R. 1989: ‘An introduction to the quantification of assemblages of pottery’, Journal of Roman Pottery Studies 2, 94–7Google Scholar
Oswald, F., and Pryce, T.D. 1920: An Introduction to the Study of Terra Sigillata, LondonGoogle Scholar
Pauwels, D., and Creemers, G. 2006: ‘Een Romeinse landelijke nederzetting te Smeermaas (Lanaken, prov. Limburg)’, Relicta 2, 49–117Google Scholar
Pearce, J. 2001a: ‘Infants, cemeteries and communities in the Roman provinces’, in Davies, G., Gardner, A. and Lockyear, K. (eds), TRAC 2000: Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference, London 2000, Oxford, 125–42Google Scholar
Pearce, J. 2001b: ‘Placed with the dead: depositional practice in burial and other contexts in Southern Britain in the first and second century a.d.’, in Geoffroy, J.-F. and Barbé, H. (eds), Les Nécropoles à incinérations en Gaule Belgique, Revue du Nord 8, Lille, 155–62Google Scholar
Pengelly, H. 1980: ‘Samian ware’, in Stead, I.M., Rudston Roman Villa, Leeds, 37–9Google Scholar
Perring, D., and Roskams, S., with Allen, P. 1991: Early Development of Roman London West of the Walbrook, Council for British Archaeology Research Report 70, LondonGoogle Scholar
Polak, M. 2000: South Gaulish Terra Sigillata with Potters' Stamps from Vechten, NijmegenGoogle Scholar
Polfer, M., and Thiel, J. 1998: ‘The Gallo-Roman cremation cemeteries of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg – initial findings’, Internet Archaeology 4Google Scholar
Pollard, R. 1994: ‘The late Iron Age and Roman pottery’, in Clay and Pollard 1994, 51–114Google Scholar
Prisset, J.-L., Brissaud, L., and Leblanc, O. 1994: ‘Evolution urbaine à Saint-Romain-en-Gal: la rue du Commerce et la maison aux cinq mosaïques’, Gallia 51, 1–133Google Scholar
Rasbach, G. 1997: Römerzeitliche Gräber aus Moers-asberg, Kr. Wesel, Funde Aus Asciburgium 12, DuisburgGoogle Scholar
Reece, R.M. 1973. ‘Roman coinage in Britain and the Western Empire’, Britannia 4, 227–52Google Scholar
Reece, R.M. 1983: ‘Discussion’, in Mann, J.E. and Reece, R., Roman Coins from Lincoln 1970–1979, The Archaeology of Lincoln 6/2, London, 64–70Google Scholar
Reece, R.M. 1993: ‘Roman sites and their Roman coins’, Antiquity 67, 863–9Google Scholar
Reece, R.M. 1995: ‘Site-finds in Roman Britain’, Britannia 26, 179–206Google Scholar
Rhodes, M. 1989: ‘Roman pottery lost en route from the kiln site to the user – a gazetteer’, Journal of Roman Pottery Studies 2, 44–58Google Scholar
Richardson, B. 1986: ‘Pottery’, in Miller et al. 1986, 96–138Google Scholar
Rodwell, W.J. 1993: ‘The samian pottery’, in Rodwell and Rodwell 1993, 71–3Google Scholar
Rodwell, W.J., and Rodwell, K.A. 1993: Rivenhall: Investigations of a Villa, Church and Village, 1950–1977, Vol. 2, Council for British Archaeology Research Report 80, LondonGoogle Scholar
Roosens, H. 1976: Bestattungsritual und Grabinhalt einiger Tumuli im Limburger Haspengouw, Archaeologia Belgica 191, BrusselsGoogle Scholar
Roosens, H., and Lux, G.V. 1973: Grafveld met Gallo-Romeinse Tumulus te Berlingen, Archaeologia Belgica 147, BrusselsGoogle Scholar
Roosens, H., and Lux, G.V. 1974: Gallo-Romeinse Tumulus te Helshoven onder Hoepertingen, Archaeologia Belgica 164, BrusselsGoogle Scholar
Shanks, M., and Tilley, C. 1987: Social Theory and Archaeology, CambridgeGoogle Scholar
Shanks, M., and Tilley, C. 1992: Reconstructing Archaeology, Theory and Practice, LondonGoogle Scholar
Simpson, G. 1987: ‘The decorated and plain samian pottery’, in Meates 1987, 153–64Google Scholar
Smoothy, M.D. 1989: ‘A Roman rural site at Rayne, Essex: excavations 1987’, Essex Archaeology and History 20, 1–29Google Scholar
Soupart, N., Duvette, L., Chaidron, C. with Laperle, G. 2008: ‘Les tombeaux gallo-romains à chambre hypogée de Bruay-la-Buissière “Rue du Chemin Vert”’, Revue du Nord 90, 31–52Google Scholar
Stanfield, J.A., and Simpson, G. 1958: Central Gaulish Potters, LondonGoogle Scholar
Stuart, P. 1977: Een Romeins Grafveld uit de eerste eeuw te Nijmegen, Onversierde terra sigillata en gewoon aardewerk, Beschrijving van de verzamelingen in het Rijksmuseum G.M. Kam te Nijmegen VIIIGoogle Scholar
Sykes, N., Willis, S., Monteil, G., and Biddulph, E. in press: ‘Research framework for the study of Samian ware’, Journal of Roman Pottery Studies 15Google Scholar
Taylor, J. 1991: The Roman Pottery from Castle Street, Carlisle: Excavations 1981, Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society 5.4, KendalGoogle Scholar
Taylor, J. 2007: An Atlas of Roman Rural Settlement in England, YorkGoogle Scholar
Thoen, H., and Hanut, F. 2001: ‘Un lot de céramiques modelées dans une fosse-dépotoir d'époqe Trajane a Destelbergen (B, Flandre Orientale)’, Acta Archaeologica Lovaniensia Monographiae 13, 185–95Google Scholar
Timby, J.R. 1999: ‘Later prehistoric and Roman pottery’, in Mudd et al. 1999, 320–65Google Scholar
Tuffreau-Libre, M. 1989: ‘La céramique gallo-romaine de Baralle’, in Hosdez and Jacques 1989, 205–23Google Scholar
Tyers, P.A. 1993: ‘The plain samian ware’, in Manning, W.H., Report on the Excavations at Usk 1965–1976: The Roman Pottery, Cardiff, 123–43Google Scholar
Tyers, P.A. 1996: Roman Pottery in Britain, LondonGoogle Scholar
Tyers, P.A. 2011: Website: www.potsherd.uklinux.netGoogle Scholar
Vanderhoeven, M. 1975: De Terra Sigillata te Tongeren, TongerenGoogle Scholar
van der Linden, E. 2011: ‘Terra sigillata from the Nijmegen canabae: the canabae as a market’, Journal of Roman Pottery Studies 14, 82–90Google Scholar
Vanvinckenroye, W. 1984: De Romeinse zuidwestbegraafplaats van Tongeren. Opgravingen 1972–1981, TongerenGoogle Scholar
Wacher, J.S., and McWhirr, A.D. 1982: Early Roman Occupation at Cirencester, CirencesterGoogle Scholar
Walsh, M. 2000: ‘Roman maritime activities around Britain’, in Fincham et al. 2000, 53–63Google Scholar
Ward, M.B. 2008: ‘The Samian ware’, in Cool, H.E.M. and Mason, D.J.P. (eds), Roman Piercebridge: Excavations by D.W. Harding and Peter Scott 1969–1981, Durham, 169–96Google Scholar
Webster, P.V. 1996: Roman Samian Pottery in Britain, YorkGoogle Scholar
Weekes, J. 2005: Styles of Romano-British Cremation and Associated Deposition in South-East England, unpub PhD thesis, University of KentGoogle Scholar
Weekes, J. 2008: ‘Classification and analysis of archaeological contexts for the reconstruction of early Romano-British cremation funerals’, Britannia 39, 145–60Google Scholar
Wheeler, R.E.M. 1954: The Stanwick Fortifications, Reports of the Research Committee of the Society of Antiquaries of London 17, LondonGoogle Scholar
Willis, S.H. 1986: The Roman site at Fingringhoe Wick, near Colchester, during the First Century AD: an Examination of the Evidence of the Material Culture, unpub. MA thesis, University of DurhamGoogle Scholar
Willis, S.H. 1993: Aspects of Pottery Assemblages of the Late Iron Age / First Century AD in the East and North-East of England, unpub. PhD thesis, University of DurhamGoogle Scholar
Willis, S.H. 1994: ‘Roman imports into late Iron Age British societies: towards a critique of existing models’, in Cottam et al. 1994, 141–50Google Scholar
Willis, S.H. 1997a: The English Heritage Samian Project. Report on the Results of Phase 1, University of DurhamGoogle Scholar
Willis, S.H. 1997b: ‘Samian: beyond dating’, in Meadows et al. 1997, 38–54Google Scholar
Willis, S.H. 1998a: ‘Samian pottery in Britain: exploring its distribution and archaeological potential’, Archaeological Journal 155, 82–133Google Scholar
Willis, S.H. 1998b: ‘The Iron Age and Roman pottery’, in L. Main, ‘Excavation of a timber round-house and broch at the Fairy Knowe, Buchlyvie, Stirlingshire’, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 128, 321–31Google Scholar
Willis, S.H. 1999a: Excavations at the Old Sugar Beet Works Site, Felsted, Essex, (AC210) 1998: the Samian Pottery, unpub. report for Essex County Council Field Archaeology UnitGoogle Scholar
Willis, S.H. 1999b: The Samian Pottery from Hill Farm, Tendring, Essex, (TEHL 97 and TEHL 98), unpub. report for Essex County Council Field Archaeology UnitGoogle Scholar
Willis, S.H. 2004: ‘Research framework document for the Study of Roman Pottery in Britain’, Journal of Roman Pottery Studies 11, 1–20Google Scholar
Willis, S.H. 2005a: ‘Samian pottery, a resource for the study of Roman Britain and beyond: the results of the English Heritage funded Samian Project; including an interrogatable database of samian pottery’, Internet Archaeology 17, http://intarch.ac.uk/journal/issue17/willis_index.htmlGoogle Scholar
Willis, S.H. 2005b: ‘The context of writing and written records in ink: the archaeology of samian inkwells in Roman Britain’, Archaeological Journal 162, 96–145Google Scholar
Willis, S.H. 2008: ‘The samian’, in Trow, S., James, S. and Moore, T., Becoming Roman, Being Gallic, Staying British: Research and Excavation at Ditches ‘Hillfort’ and Villa 1984–2006, Oxford, 79–95Google Scholar
Willis, S.H. 2009a: ‘Samian (terra sigillata) and the Stanegate-Hadrian's Wall corridor: an assessment’, in Symonds, M.F.A. and Mason, D.J.P. (eds), Frontiers of Knowledge: A Research Framework for Hadrian's Wall (World Heritage Site). Vol. 1. Resource Assessment, Durham, 125–7Google Scholar
Willis, S.H. 2009b: ‘Samian ware (Birdoswald Fort, Field Centre site)’; ‘Samian ware (Birdoswald Fort Spur site)’; ‘Samian ware (Birdoswald western extra-mural settlement and cemetery)’; and ‘Samian catalogue’, in Wilmott 2009, 299–307, 333–9, 342–6, and 425–33Google Scholar
Willis, S.H. 2011: ‘Report on the samian ware from the 1983–8 excavations in the Romano-British temple precinct’, in Medlycott 2011, 308–15Google Scholar
Willis, S.H. forthcoming a: ‘The Iron Age and Roman pottery’, in R. Jackson, Weston-under-Penyard (Ariconium), Herefordshire: Excavations and Survey at the Major Iron Age Settlement and Roman Small Town, Council for British Archaeology Research ReportGoogle Scholar
Willis, S.H. forthcoming b: ‘The samian pottery’, in Millett and Halkon forthcomingGoogle Scholar
Wilmott, A.R. (ed.) 2009: Hadrian's Wall: Archaeological Research by English Heritage, 1976–2000, English Heritage, SwindonGoogle Scholar
Wilson, P.R. 2002: Cataractonium: Roman Catterick and its Hinterland. Excavations and Research 1958–1997, Council for British Archaeology Research Reports 128 and 129, YorkGoogle Scholar
Young, C.J. (ed.) 1980: Guidelines for the Processing and Publication of Roman Pottery from Excavations, LondonGoogle Scholar