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Antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in diabetic pregnancy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

J. H. Bates ,
I. S. Young ,
L. Galway ,
A. I. Traub  and
D. R. Hadden
J. H. Bates
Affiliation:
Royal Maternity and Royal Victoria Hospitals, Belfast BT12 6BA
I. S. Young
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA
L. Galway
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA
A. I. Traub
Affiliation:
Royal Maternity and Royal Victoria Hospitals, Belfast BT12 6BA
D. R. Hadden
Affiliation:
Royal Maternity and Royal Victoria Hospitals, Belfast BT12 6BA
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Abstract

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Pregnancy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is associated with a greater incidence of fetal abnormality. Animal studies suggest that increased free-radical production and antioxidant depletion may contribute to this risk. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to assess nutritional antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in diabetic mothers in comparison with a control group. A 7 d dietary history and a food-frequency questionnaire were performed and venous blood collected for biochemical analyses from thirty-eight diabetic mothers and matched control subjects before 12 weeks gestation. Protein intake was significantly greater in diabetic patients (81.4 (se 14.8) ν. 72.7 (se 15.8) g/d, P = 0.015), while total sugar intake was less (79.5 (se 13.2) ν. 104.8 (se 28.8) g/d, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the intake of the major antioxidant vitamins (retinol, vitamin C or vitamin E) or β-carotene. However, intakes of a number of other micronutrients (including Se, Zn, Mg, Mn, riboflavin, thiamin, niacin and folate) were greater in diabetic patients. Among the nutritional chain-breaking antioxidants, serum levels of α-tocopherol (21.6 (se 5.7) ν. 17.3 (se 4.7) μmol/1, P = 0.0013), β-carotene (0.27 (se 0.18) ν. 0.14 (se 0.11) μmol/1, P = 0.003) and lycopene (0.23 (se 0.17) ν. 0.16 (se 0.13) μmol/1, P = 0.03) were greater in diabetic patients. There was no evidence of greater lipid peroxidation in diabetic patients, and total antioxidant capacity was similar in the two groups. Overall, these results indicate that nutritional antioxidant status is better in this group of diabetic mothers than in control pregnant non-diabetic subjects attending the same maternity hospital.

Keywords

PregnancyDiabetes mellitusAntioxidants
Type
Human and Clinical Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 78 , Issue 4 , October 1997 , pp. 523 - 532
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1997

References

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