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Antioxidant vitamin status in high exposure to oxidative stress in competitive athletes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Anne-Sophie Rousseau ,
Isabelle Hininger ,
Stéphane Palazzetti ,
Henri Faure ,
Anne-Marie Roussel  and
Irène Margaritis
Anne-Sophie Rousseau
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Nutritiion, Vieillissement et Maladies Cardio-vasculaires, Université Joseph Fourier, Domaine de la Merci, La Tronche, France
Isabelle Hininger
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Nutritiion, Vieillissement et Maladies Cardio-vasculaires, Université Joseph Fourier, Domaine de la Merci, La Tronche, France
Stéphane Palazzetti
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Physiologie des Adaptations, Performance Motrice et Santé, Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, France
Henri Faure
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Nutritiion, Vieillissement et Maladies Cardio-vasculaires, Université Joseph Fourier, Domaine de la Merci, La Tronche, France
Anne-Marie Roussel
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Nutritiion, Vieillissement et Maladies Cardio-vasculaires, Université Joseph Fourier, Domaine de la Merci, La Tronche, France
Irène Margaritis*
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Physiologie des Adaptations, Performance Motrice et Santé, Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, France
*
*Corresponding author: fax +33 4 92 29 65 02, Email irini.margaritis@unice.fr
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Abstract

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We conducted a cross-sectional study in 118 well-trained athletes to investigate 'high exposure' to sub-deficient antioxidant status, and consequently to oxidative damage, in relation to estimated daily energy expenditure (EE) and dietary antioxidant intake. Subjects completed 7 d food and activity records. Blood samples were obtained on day 8. Of the athletes 81, 60 and 43 % had intakes of vitamins E, C and β-carotene below two-thirds of the French RDA respectively, which is adjusted for EE (FRDAa). The deficit in vitamin E intake was positively correlated with EE (r 0·51, P>0·0001). All the athletes had normal plasma vitamins E and C and 14 % had marginal plasma β-carotene. Plasma thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) did not increase with increased EE. As evidenced by ANOVA, EE-induced vitamin C intakes increased and consequently led to increased plasma ascorbic acid concentrations. In male athletes, plasma total carotenoids were negatively correlated with plasma TBARS concentrations (r –0·31, P>0·006). The relationship between vitamin C intakes and plasma concentrations was logarithmic (r 0·59, P> 0·0001). To summarize, it is not clear whether vitamin E requirements are overestimated with reference to EE in the FRDAa. Daily requirements for vitamin C do not exceed 200 mg. Our present results could be interpreted as meaning that carotenoids play a protective role as exogenous antioxidants. Carotenoid intakes in athletes must be considered carefully.

Keywords

Dietary assessmentAntioxidant vitaminsCarotenoidsOxidative stressPhysical activity
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 92 , Issue 3 , September 2004 , pp. 461 - 468
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2004

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