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Antioxidative probiotic fermented goats' milk decreases oxidative stress-mediated atherogenicity in human subjects

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Tiiu Kullisaar ,
Epp Songisepp ,
Marika Mikelsaar ,
Kersti Zilmer ,
Tiiu Vihalemm  and
Mihkel Zilmer
Tiiu Kullisaar*
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
Epp Songisepp
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology, Medical Faculty, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
Marika Mikelsaar
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology, Medical Faculty, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
Kersti Zilmer
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
Tiiu Vihalemm
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
Mihkel Zilmer
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Tiiu Kullisaar, fax +372 7 374312, email tiiukul@ut.ee
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Abstract

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The increasing interest in a healthy diet is stimulating innovative development of novel scientific products in the food industry. The viable lactic acid bacteria in fermented milk products, such as yoghurt, have been associated with increased lactose tolerance, a well-balanced intestinal microflora, antimicrobial activity, stimulation of the immune system and antitumoural, anticholesterolaemic and antioxidative properties in human subjects. Recently, we have studied a human Lactobacillus spp. strain that possesses antioxidative activity. The aim of the present pilot study was to develop goats' milk fermented with the human antioxidative lactobacilli strain, Lactobacillus fermentum ME-3, and to test the effect of the fermented probiotic goats' milk on oxidative stress markers (including markers for atherosclerosis) in human blood and urine and on the gut microflora. Twenty-one healthy subjects were assigned to two treatment groups: goats' milk group and fermented goats' milk group (150 g/d) for a period of 21 d. Consumption of fermented goats' milk improved anti-atherogenicity in healthy subjects: it prolonged resistance of the lipoprotein fraction to oxidation, lowered levels of peroxidized lipoproteins, oxidized LDL, 8-isoprostanes and glutathione redox ratio, and enhanced total antioxidative activity. The consumption of fermented goats' milk also altered both the prevalence and proportion of lactic acid bacteria species in the gut microflora of the subjects. We conclude that the goats' milk fermented with our special antioxidative lactobacilli strain Lactobacillus fermentum ME-3 exhibits anti-atherogenic effects.

Keywords

Fermented goats' milkAntioxidative activityOxidized LDLGlutathione redox ratioAtherosclerosis
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 90 , Issue 2 , August 2003 , pp. 449 - 456
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2003

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