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Counteracting the negative effects of rapeseed and rapeseed press cake in pig diets*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Friedrich Schöne ,
Bernd Rudolph ,
Ulrich Kirchheim  and
Günter Knapp
Friedrich Schöne
Affiliation:
Agricultural Institution of Thuringia (Jena), Department of Nutrition and the Market, D-07751 Jena-Remderoda, Germany
Bernd Rudolph
Affiliation:
Agricultural Institution of Thuringia (Jena), Department of Nutrition and the Market, D-07751 Jena-Remderoda, Germany
Ulrich Kirchheim
Affiliation:
Agricultural Institution of Thuringia (Jena), Department of Nutrition and the Market, D-07751 Jena-Remderoda, Germany
Günter Knapp
Affiliation:
Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Micro- and Radiochemistry, Technical University of Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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Abstract

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Rapeseed and rapeseed press cake were tested in four long-term experiments with a total of ninety-eight pigs. Rapeseed contained 20 and rapeseed press cake 19 mmol glucosinolates/kg DM. The proportion of the tested rapeseed products in feed amounted to 0 (control), 50, 100 and 150 g/kg diet. Moist-heat-treated rapeseed and rapeseed press cake with an extremely low glucosinolate content were also given at 150 g/kg diet. Each dietary rapeseed product level was given with 125 or 250 μg supplementary I/kg diet. Reduced feed intake and growth retardation were found in groups receiving 150 g rapeseed products/kg diet; in the case of rapeseed the impairments were significant. Rapeseed products ≥ 100 g/kg diet increased the thyroid weight and decreased the serum thyroxine (T4) concentration. Higher I dosage brought the serum T4 concentration to the level of the control group and retarded thyroid enlargement. Intake of rapeseed products lowered the I content of the thyroid; however, there was no significant difference between groups given 0·9 mmol glucosinolates/ kg diet and those receiving three times as much. Degrading glucosinolates by moisture and heat prevented feed intake depression and growth retardation. In the case of treated rapeseed the decreased serum T4 concentration and increased thyroid weight persisted, indicating formation of some antithyroid compounds due to myrosinase (EC 3.2.3.1) activation. A maximal glucosinolate content of 2 mmol/kg diet and additional I application are a prerequisite for using rapeseed products in pig feeding.

Keywords

RapeseedIodineThyroid hormonesPigs
Type
Animal Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 78 , Issue 6 , December 1997 , pp. 947 - 962
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1997

References

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