Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T04:03:00.587Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Degradation and outflow of amino acids from the rumen of sheep

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

D. J. Cottle  and
W. Velle
D. J. Cottle
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology and Nutrition, Norwegian College of Veterinary Medicine, PO Box 8146 DEP, 00.33 Oslo I, Norway
W. Velle
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology and Nutrition, Norwegian College of Veterinary Medicine, PO Box 8146 DEP, 00.33 Oslo I, Norway
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

1. In hay-fed, cannulated sheep the apparent degradation in and outflow from the rumen were determined for graded doses of mixtures of the amino acids lysine, threonine and methionine, administered intraruminally and using polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a liquid marker. The doses ranged between 2.5 and 15 g for each amino acid in the mixtures.

2. Relative rate of apparent degradation in the first 4 h was highest for lysine, and lowest for methionine. The apparent degradation in 24 h was highest for lysine and lowest for threonine. Conversely the fraction flowing out of the rumen in intact form in 24 h was highest for threonine and lowest for lysine. Rates of apparent degradation as well as outflow were dose-dependent.

3. The validity of the estimated outflow of amino acids from the rumen was corroborated by measurements of concentrations of the amino acids in duodenal contents and in blood plasma which were also dose-dependent.

4. It was concluded that part of the requirement for the essential amino acids threonine and methionine may be met, even when these amino acids are delivered in unprotected form, given as a feed supplement.

Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 61 , Issue 2 , March 1989 , pp. 397 - 408
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1989

References

Agricultural Research Council (1980) The Nutrient Requirements of Ruminant Livestock. Slough: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux.Google Scholar
Armstrong, D. G. & Annison, E. F. (1973) Amino acid requirements and amino acid supply in the sheep. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 32, 107–113.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bidlingmeyer, B. A., Tarvin, T. L. & Cohen, S. A. (1984) Rapid analysis of amino acids using pre-column derivatization. Journal of Chromatography 336, 93–104.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bird, P. R. & Moir, R. J. (1972) Sulphur metabolism and excretion studies in ruminants. VIII. Methionine degradation and utilization in sheep when infused into the rumen or abomasum. Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 25, 835–848.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Broderick, G. A., Kang-Meznarich, J. M. & Craig, W. M. (1981) Total and individual amino acids in strained ruminal liquor from cows fed graded amounts of urea. Journal of Dairy Science 64, 1731–1734.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brooks, J. M., Owens, F. N., Brown, R. R. & Carriges, U. S. (1973) Amino acid oxidation and plasma amino acid levels in sheep with abomasal infusions of graded amounts of lysine. Journal of Animal Science 36, 965–970.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chalupa, W. (1976) Degradation of amino acids by the mixed rumen microbial population. Journal of Animal Science 43, 828–834.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Champredon, C., Pion, R. & Basson, W. D. (1976) Etude comparé de I'utilisation digestive de la methionine, de son analogue hydroxylé et du sulfate de sodium chez la chévre à l'aide de composes. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de I'Academie des Sciences. Ser. D. Sciences naturelles 282, 743–746.Google Scholar
Downes, A. M., Reis, P. J. & Hensley, J. A. (1976) Proteins and amino acids for wool growth. In Reviews in Rural Sciences, pp. 143–148 [Sutherland, T.M., Williams, J. R. and Leng, R. A., editors]. Sydney: U.N.E. Publication Unit.Google Scholar
Doyle, P. T. & Adams, N. R. (1980) Toxic effects of large amounts of DL-methionine infused into the rumen of sheep. Australian Veterinary Journal 56, 331–334.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Doyle, P. T. & Bird, P. R. (1975) The influence of dietary supplements of DL-methionine on the growth rate of wool. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 26, 337–342.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, P. T. & Moir, R. J. (1979) Sulfur and methionine metabolism in sheep.III. Excretion and retention of dietary and supplemented sulfur and production responses to intraruminal infusions of DL-methionine. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 30, 1185–1196.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Emery, R. S. (1971) Disappearance of methionine from the rumen. Journal of Dairy Science 54, 1090–1091.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Langar, P. N., Buttery, P. J. & Lewis, D. (1973) N-Steroyl-DL-methionine—a new form of protected methionine for ruminant feeds. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 32, 86A (Abstr.).Google ScholarPubMed
Lewis, T. R. & Emery, R. S. (1962) Relative deamination rates of amino acids by rumen microorganisms. Journal of Dairy Science 45, 765–768.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mesbah, M. M. & Asplund, J. M. (1984) The influence of level of valine on nitrogen status and plasma free amino acid levels in infused sheep. Journal of Nutrition 114, 1363–1369.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nimrick, K., Hatfield, E. E., Kaninaki, S. & Owens, F. N. (1970) Quantitative assessment of supplemental amino acid needs for growing lambs fed urea as the sole nitrogen source. Journal of Nutrition 100, 1293–1300.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reis, P. J., Downes, A. M., Sharry, L. F. & Tunks, D. A. (1978) Metabolic fate of doses of [35S]methionine and [35S]cystine in sheep. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society of Australia 3, 75 (Abstr.).Google Scholar
Skoch, G. A., Shellig, G. I., Tucker, R. & Mitchell, G. E. (1975) Interaction of amino acid degradation by rumen microbes. Journal of Animal Science 40, 197 (Abstr.).Google Scholar
Smith, R. H. (1959) The development and function of the rumen in milk-fed calves. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 52, 72–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strath, R. A. & Shelford, J. A. (1978) Abomasal infusion of methionine on plasma amino acid concentration and the uptake of 35S-L-methionine in the plasma proteins and urine of growing lambs. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 58, 479–484.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tao, R. C., Asplund, J. M. & Kappel, L. C. (1974) Response of nitrogen metabolism, plasma amino acids and insulin levels to various levels of methionine infusion in sheep. Journal of Nutrition 104, 1646–1656.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vrubcheva, V. (1984) The effect of high amounts of DL-methionine on some biochemical indices of the blood and urine. Veterinaro-Medisinski Nauki 21, no. 6. 40–49.Google Scholar