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Dietary low-glucosinolate rapeseed meal affects thyroid status and nutrient utilization in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Christine Burel ,
Thierry Boujard ,
Anne-Marie Escaffre ,
Sadasivam J. Kaushik ,
Gilles Boeuf ,
Koen A. Mol ,
Serge Van der Geyten  and
Eduard R. Kühn
Christine Burel
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Nutrition des Poissons, Unité mixte INRA-IFREMER, Station d'Hydrobiologie, BP 3, 64310 Saint Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
Thierry Boujard*
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Nutrition des Poissons, Unité mixte INRA-IFREMER, Station d'Hydrobiologie, BP 3, 64310 Saint Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
Anne-Marie Escaffre
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Nutrition des Poissons, Unité mixte INRA-IFREMER, Station d'Hydrobiologie, BP 3, 64310 Saint Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
Sadasivam J. Kaushik
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Nutrition des Poissons, Unité mixte INRA-IFREMER, Station d'Hydrobiologie, BP 3, 64310 Saint Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
Gilles Boeuf
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Physiologie des Poissons, IFREMER, Station de Brest, BP 70, 29280 Plouzané, France
Koen A. Mol
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Comparative Endocrinology, Catholic University of Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
Serge Van der Geyten
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Comparative Endocrinology, Catholic University of Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
Eduard R. Kühn
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Comparative Endocrinology, Catholic University of Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Thierry Boujard, fax +33 (0) 5 59 54 51 52, email boujard@st-pee.inra.fr
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Abstract

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Two rapeseed (Brassica napus) meals, RM1 and RM2, with two levels of glucosinolates (GLS; 5 and 41 μmol/g DM respectively) were incorporated at the levels of 300 and 500 g/kg of the diets of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in replacement of fish meal, and compared with a fish-meal-based diet. A decrease in the digestibility of the DM, protein, gross energy and P was observed with high-rapeseed meal (RM) incorporation. In trout fed on RM-based diets, growth performance was reduced even after only 3 weeks of feeding. Feed efficiency was adversely affected by RM and GLS intake. Protein and energy retention coefficients were significantly lower in fish fed on the diet containing the higher level of GLS. P retention was significantly lower with all the RM-based diets than with the fish-meal diet. Irrespective of the degree of growth inhibition, fish fed on RM-based diets exhibited similar typical features of hypothyroid condition due to GLS intake, expressed by lower plasma levels of triiodothyronine and especially thyroxine and a hyperactivity of the thyroid follicles. This hypothyroidal condition led to a strong adjustment of the deiodinase activities in the liver, the kidney and the brain. A significant increase of the outer ring deiodinase activities (deiodinases type I and II respectively) and a decrease of the inner ring deiodinase activity (deiodinase type III) were observed. It is concluded that the observed growth depression could be attributed to the concomitant presence of GLS, depressing the thyroid function, and of other antinutritional factors affecting digestibility and the metabolic utilization of dietary nutrients and energy.

Keywords

Rainbow troutRapeseedGrowthGlucosinolatesThyroid function
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 83 , Issue 6 , June 2000 , pp. 653 - 664
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2000

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