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Effect of DHA supplementation on digestible starch utilization by rainbow trout

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

M. Tapia-Salazar ,
W. Bureau ,
S. Panserat ,
G. Corraze  and
D. P. Bureau
M. Tapia-Salazar
Affiliation:
University of Guelph, Department of Animal and Poultry Science, Guelph, ON, N1G2W1, Canada
W. Bureau
Affiliation:
University of Guelph, Department of Animal and Poultry Science, Guelph, ON, N1G2W1, Canada
S. Panserat
Affiliation:
UMR Nutrition Aquaculture Génomique, INRA, 64310 St-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
G. Corraze
Affiliation:
UMR Nutrition Aquaculture Génomique, INRA, 64310 St-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
D. P. Bureau*
Affiliation:
University of Guelph, Department of Animal and Poultry Science, Guelph, ON, N1G2W1, Canada
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Dominique P. Bureau, fax +1 519 767 0573, email dbureau@uoguelph.ca
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Abstract

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Rainbow trout has a limited ability to utilize digestible carbohydrates efficiently. Trout feeds generally contain high levels of DHA, a fatty acid known to inhibit a number of glycolytic and lipogenic enzymes in animals. A study was conducted to determine whether carbohydrate utilization by rainbow trout might be affected by dietary DHA level. Two low-carbohydrate (<4% digestible carbohydrate) basal diets were formulated to contain 1 (adequate) or 4 (excess)g/100g DHA diet respectively. The two basal diets were diluted with increasing levels of digestible starch (0%, 10%, 20% and 30%, respectively) to produce eight diets. These diets were fed to fish for 12 weeks at 15°C according to a pair-fed protocol that consisted of feeding the same amount of basal diet but different amounts of starch. Live weight, N and lipid gains, hepatic glycogen and plasma glucose values significantly increased, whereas feed efficiency (gain:feed) significantly decreased, with increasing starch intake (P<0·05). The retention efficiency of N (N gain/digestible N intake) improved with starch supplementation but was not affected by DHA level (P>0·05). Starch increased the activity of glucokinase, pyruvate kinase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and fatty acid synthase (P<0·05) but did not affect hexokinase and malic enzyme activity. DHA had no effect on growth but increased plasma glucose and reduced carcass lipid and liver glycogen contents (P<0·05). Glycolytic and lipogenic enzymes were not affected by DHA level, except for pyruvate kinase, which was reduced by increasing DHA level. These results suggest only a marginal effect of dietary DHA on the ability of fish to utilize carbohydrate.

Keywords

Rainbow troutDietary carbohydratesPUFADHAGlycolytic and lipogenic enzymes
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 95 , Issue 1 , January 2006 , pp. 76 - 87
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2006

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