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Effect of refeeding diets containing cottonseed flour with traces of gossypol on rat liver and testis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Véronique Bertrand  and
Jacques Belleville
Véronique Bertrand
Affiliation:
Université de Bourgogne, Laboratoire de Physiologie de la Nutrition, Faculté des Sciences Mirande, BP 138, 21004 Dijon Cedex, France
Jacques Belleville
Affiliation:
Université de Bourgogne, Laboratoire de Physiologie de la Nutrition, Faculté des Sciences Mirande, BP 138, 21004 Dijon Cedex, France
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Abstract

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The aim of the present work was to show that cottonseed flour introduced into rehabilitation diets is not nutritionally harmful. The cottonseed flour obtained from glandless seeds contains traces of gossypol. As gossypol is known to have pathological hepatic and testicular actions, the effects on hepatic variables and on the histological appearance of liver and testis of diets containing cottonseed flour were compared with those without cottonseed flour. Seventy growing male Wistar rats were divided into two groups. The control group (C) received a balanced diet (200 g casein+3 g methionine/kg) for 78 d and the experimental group was fed on a low-protein diet (20 g casein+3 g methionine/kg) for 29 d. After the period of protein deprivation, the depleted rats were divided into four groups and each group was refed with a different diet, for 49 d: a balanced diet (200 g casein+3 g methionine/kg; rC), maize–soya-bean flour–milk (60:30:5, by wt; MSM), maize–cottonseed flour–milk (60:30:5, by wt; MCM) or rice–cottonseed flour–milk (60:30:5, by wt; RCM). Each diet was supplemented with a vitamin mixture (10 g/kg) and a salt mixture (40 g/kg). In the liver, protein, total lipid, fatty acid composition and nucleic acid contents were determined after 29 d of protein deprivation and after 2, 14, 29, 49 d of refeeding. The refeeding of rats with either diet MSM or RCM promoted a higher growth than that with diet MCM or diet rC. In all groups, a progressive decrease in relative liver weights with age was observed. The highest values were obtained with diets rC and MSM. After 49 d of refeeding, the lowest values for lipid, DNA and protein: RNA and the highest values for RNA and RNA:DNA were obtained with the cottonseed diets (MCM and RCM). Rats fed on the cottonseed-flour diets for a 49 d period after severe protein malnutrition showed no change in size or shape of their hepatocytes compared with those obtained with the control casein diet, and all stages of spermatogenesis occurred normally and spermatozoa were accurately formed. Therefore, our findings show that a low level of gossypol administrated during 49 d, even to an organism weakened by protein malnutrition, does not affect hepatic variables and the histological appearance of liver and testis.

Keywords

Cottonseed flourGossypolLiverTestesRat
Type
Lipid Metabolism
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 66 , Issue 2 , September 1991 , pp. 269 - 283
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1991

References

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