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The effect of soluble- and insoluble-fibre supplementation on post-prandial glucose tolerance, insulin and gastric inhibitory polypeptide secretion in healthy subjects

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

L. M. Morgan ,
J. A. Tredger ,
J. Wright  and
V. Marks
L. M. Morgan
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey
J. A. Tredger
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey
J. Wright
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey
V. Marks
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey
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Abstract

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Six healthy non-obese male subjects were given three test meals containing 100 g carbohydrate and 1.5 g soluble paracetamol, supplemented on one occasion with 10 g guar gum and on another with 10 g sugarbeet fibre. A further six subjects were given the same test meal supplemented on one occasion with 10 g soya-bean-cotyledon fibre and on another, 5 g glucomannan. Venous blood samples were taken before, and at intervals for 180 min following the meal, and analysed for insulin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and paracetamol (as an index of gastric emptying). Arterialized blood samples were taken and analysed for glucose. Meal supplementation with both guar gum and sugar-beet fibre improved glucose tolerance, but circulating glucose levels were unaffected by the addition of either soya-bean-cotyledon fibre or glucomannan to the meals. Supplementation with guar gum and glucomannan lowered post-prandial insulin levels. Insulin levels were enhanced by addition of soya-bean-cotyledon fibre to the meal and unaffected by sugar-beet fibre. Post-prandial GIP levels were lowered in the guar–gum–supplemented meal and augmented with sugar-beet fibre supplementation. Addition of glucomannan and soya-bean-cotyledon fibre did not affect circulating GIP levels. The study failed to confirm previous reports of improved glucose tolerance following glucomannan and soya-bean-cotyledon fibre supplementation. The failure of sugar-beet fibre to reduce post-prandial insulin secretion despite improved glucose tolerance may be due to the observed increased secretion of GIP. The increased insulin levels seen following soya-bean-cotyledon fibre supplementation cannot be attributed either to changes in glucose tolerance, GIP secretion or gastric emptying.

Keywords

Dietary fibreInsulinGastric inhibitory polypeptideGlucose tolerance
Type
Hormones and Metabolism
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 64 , Issue 1 , July 1990 , pp. 103 - 110
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1990

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