Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T03:55:48.517Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of bovine pituitary growth hormone alone or in combination with the β-agonist clenbuterol on muscle growth and composition in veal calves

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

C. A. Maltin ,
M. I. Delday ,
S. M. Hay ,
G. M. Innes  and
P. E. V. Williams
C. A. Maltin
Affiliation:
Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB2 9SB
M. I. Delday
Affiliation:
Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB2 9SB
S. M. Hay
Affiliation:
Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB2 9SB
G. M. Innes
Affiliation:
Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB2 9SB
P. E. V. Williams
Affiliation:
Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB2 9SB
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Twenty-three British Friesian bull calves at approximately 7 d of age were allocated to one of four treatments: controls untreated (five calves), a group (Clen) given 1 mg clenbuterol/kg diet (five calves), a group (GH) given a daily subcutaneous injection of 3.5 mg bovine pituitary growth hormone (GH) (five calves) and a group (Clen + GH) given a combination of clenbuterol as in the Clen group with GH as in the GH group (seven calves). All calves were given milk-substitute at levels adjusted weekly according to metabolic live weight. The animals were slaughtered over the weight range 150–170 kg. Samples of semimembranosus and triceps muscles were excised a t slaughter. Treatment with GH produced approximately a threefold increase in mean daily serum GH concentration. Calves given Clen + GH were heaviest a t slaughter and the combined treatment produced a significantly higher (P < 0-01) feed conversion ratio. Administration of clenbuterol either alone or in combination with GH increased the cross-sectional area of both fast twitch glycolytic (FG), and fast twitch oxidative glycolytic (FOG) fibres in both muscles. In contrast GH produced little change in fibre size in semimembranosus muscle, although FOG fibres in triceps were slightly larger than in controls. Neither Clen nor GH resulted in any change in fibre percentage frequency in either muscle. Treatments involving clenbuterol produced a significant decrease in muscle glycogen concentration. Muscles from all three treatment groups tended to show small increases in protein and RNA concentration compared with the controls. Muscles from animals treated with GH alone exhibited an increase in DNA concentration not seen in muscles from the two other treatment groups. Overall, the differential response to the two agents suggested that clenbuterol does not mediate its effects via the GH axis, and that an additive response in terms of protein anabolism may be achieved from the use of a combination of clenbuterol plus GH.

Keywords

ClenbuterolGrowth hormoneProtein metabolism
Type
Protein Nutrition and Metabolism
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 63 , Issue 3 , May 1990 , pp. 535 - 545
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1990

References

REFERENCES

Baker, P. K., Dalrymple, R. H., Ingle, D. & Ricks, C. A. (1984). Use of a β-agonist to alter muscle and fat deposition in lambs. Journal of Animal Science 59, 1256–1261.Google Scholar
Beermann, D. H., Fischell, V. K., Hogue, D. H. & Dalrymple, C. A. (1985). Effects of cimaterol (CL263, 708) and fishmeal on post mortem pH, tenderness and colour in lamb skeletal muscle. Journal of Animal Science 61, Suppl. 1, 271.Google Scholar
Breir, B. H., Gluckman, P. D. & Bass, J. J. (1988 a). Influence of nutritional status and oestradiol-17β on plasma growth hormone, insulin-like growth factors-I and -II and the response to exogenous growth hormone in young steers. Journal of Endocrinology 118, 243–250.Google Scholar
Breir, B. H., Gluckman, P. D. & Bass, J. J. (1988 b). Plasma concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin in the infant calf: ontogeny and influence of altered nutrition. Journal of Endocrinology 119, 43–50.Google Scholar
Burton, K. (1956). A study of the conditions and mechanisms of the diphenylalamine reaction for the colorimetric estimation of dioxyribonucleic acid. Journal of Biochemistry 62, 315–323.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chayen, J., Bitensky, L. & Butcher, R. G. (1973). Practical Histochemistry, pp. 158–162. New York: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Dubowitz, K. & Brooke, M. H. (1973). Muscle Biopsy: a Modern Approach, vol. 2. p. 31. London: W. B. Saunders.Google Scholar
Eisemann, J. H., Hammond, A. C., Bauman, D. E., Reynolds, P. J., McCutcheon, S. N., Tyrrell, H. F. & Haaland, G. L. (1986). Effect of bovine growth hormone administration on metabolism of growing Hereford heifers: protein and lipid metabolism and plasma concentrations of metabolites and hormones. Journal of Nutrition 116, 2504–2515.Google Scholar
Emery, P. W., Rothwell, N. J., Stock, M. J. & Winter, P. D. (1984). Chronic effects of β2-adrenergic agonists on body composition and protein synthesis in the rat. Bioscience Reports 4, 83–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Firschein, H. E. & Shill, J. P. (1966). The determination of total hydroxyproline in urine and bone extracts. Analytical Biochemistry 14, 296–304.Google Scholar
Hayashi, M. & Frieman, D. G. (1966). An improved method of fixation for formalin sensitive enzymes, with special reference to myosin adenosine triphosphatase. Journal of Histochemical Cytochemistry 4, 577–581.Google Scholar
James, S. & Barker, H. D. (1987). Effect of clenbuterol on the growth and carcass composition of hypophysectomised rats in the presence or absence of growth hormone. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 46, 108.Google Scholar
Keppler, D. & Decker, K. (1984). Glycogen. In Methods in Enzymatic Analysis, 3rd ed, vol.6, pp. 11–19. [BergmeyerH., V., H., V., editor]. Florida and Basel: Verlag Chemie Weinheim.Google Scholar
Kim, Y. S., Lee, Y. B. & Ashmore, C. R. (1988). Cimaterol induced growth in rats: growth pattern and biochemical characteristics. Growth, Development and Aging 52, 41–46.Google Scholar
Kim, Y. S., Lee, Y. B. & Dalrymple, R. H. (1987). Effect of the repartitioning agent cimaterol on growth, carcass and skeletal muscle characteristics in lambs. Journal of Animal Science 65, 1392–1399.Google Scholar
Kirchgessner, M., Roth, F. X., Schams, D. & Karg, H. (1987). Influence of exogenous growth hormone (GH) on performance and plasma GH concentrations of female veal calves. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 58, 50–59.Google Scholar
Lobley, G. E., Connell, A., Mollison, G. S., Brewer, A., Harris, C. I. & Buchan, V. (1985). The effects of a combined implant of trenbolone acetate and oestradiol-17β on protein and energy metabolism in growing beef steers. British Journal of Nutrition 54, 681–694.Google Scholar
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L. & Randall, R. J. (1951). Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193, 265–275.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McEwan, J. C., Hanrahan, J. P., Fitzsimons, J. M., Tarrant, P. V. & Allen, P. (1985). Effects of the β-agonist cimaterol on growth, carcass composition and blood metabolites in ram lambs of three breeds. Research Report. An Foras Taluntais. Animal Production Research Report 7–8.Google Scholar
Maltin, C. A., Delday, M. I. & Reeds, P. J. (1986). The effect of a growth promoting drug, clenbuterol, on fibre frequency and area in hind limb muscles from young male rats. Bioscience Reports 6, 293–299.Google Scholar
Maltin, C. A., Hays, S. M., Delday, M. I., Lobley, G. E. & Reeds, P. J. (1989). The effect of the β-agonist clenbuterol on protein metabolism in innervated and denervated phasic muscles. Journal of Biochemistry 261, 965–971.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Munro, H. N. & Fleck, A. (1969). Analysis of tissues and body fluids for nitrogenous constituents. Mammalian Protein Metabolism, vol. 3, pp. 423–525 [Munro, H. N., editor]. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Peake, G. T., Morris, J. & Buckman, M. T. (1979). Growth hormone. In Methods of Hormone Radioimmunoassay, 2nd ed, pp. 223–244 [Jaffe, B. M. and Behrman, H. R., editors]. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Pearse, A. G. E. (1972). Histochemistry, Theoretical and Applied, 3rd ed, p. 1342. London: Churchill-Livingstone.Google Scholar
Peel, C. J., Bauman, D. E., Gorewitt, R. C. & Sniffen, J. (1981). Effect of exogenous growth hormone on lactational performance in high yielding dairy cows. Journal of Nutrition 111, 1662–1671.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pell, J. M. & Bates, P. C. (1987). Collagen and non-collagen protein turnover in skeletal muscle of growth hormone-treated lambs. Journal of Endocrinology 115, R1–R4.Google Scholar
Peter, J. B., Barnard, R. J., Edgerton, V. R., Gillespie, C. A. & Stempel, K. E. (1972). Metabolic profiles of three fibre types of skeletal muscle in guinea pigs and rabbits. Biochemistry 11, 2627–2633.Google Scholar
Picou, D. I. M., Reeds, P. J., Jackson, A. A. & Poulter, N. R. (1976). The measurement of muscle mass in children with 15N-creatine. Paediatric Research 10, 184–188.Google Scholar
Reeds, P. J., Hay, S. M., Dorward, P. M. & Palmer, R. M. (1986). Stimulation of muscle growth by clenbuterol: lack of effect of muscle protein biosynthesis. British Journal of Nutrition 56, 249–258.Google Scholar
Reeds, P. J., Hay, S. M., Dorward, P. M. & Palmer, R. M. (1988). The effect of β-agonists and antagonists on muscle growth and body composition of young rats. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 89C, 337–341.Google Scholar
Ricks, C. A., Dalrymple, R. M., Baker, D. K. & Ingle, D. L. (1984). Use of a β-agonist to alter Fat and muscle deposition in steers. Journal qf Animal Science 59, 1247–1255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, P. E. V., Ogden, K. & James, S. (1987 a). The effects of a combination of the β-agonist (clenbuterol) and bovine pituitary growth hormone on growth of milk-fed calves. Animal Production 44, 47.Google Scholar
Williams, P. E. V., Pagliani, L., Innes, G. M., Pennie, K.& Garthwaite, P (1987 b). Effects of a β-agonist (clenbuterol) on the growth, carcass composition, protein and energy balance of veal calves. British Journal of Nutrition 57, 417–428.Google Scholar