Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T22:35:02.714Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of ingestion of tomatoes, tomato juice and tomato purée on contents of lycopene isomers, tocopherols and ascorbic acid in human plasma as well as on lycopene isomer pattern

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

Kati Fröhlich ,
Karin Kaufmann ,
Roland Bitsch  and
Volker Böhm
Kati Fröhlich
Affiliation:
Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Strasse 25–29, D-07743 Jena, Germany
Karin Kaufmann
Affiliation:
Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Strasse 25–29, D-07743 Jena, Germany
Roland Bitsch
Affiliation:
Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Strasse 25–29, D-07743 Jena, Germany
Volker Böhm*
Affiliation:
Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Strasse 25–29, D-07743 Jena, Germany
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Volker Böhm, fax +49 3641 949632, email Volker.Boehm@uni-jena.de
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Tomatoes are an important part of the diet. Lycopene, the predominant carotenoid in tomatoes, is hypothesised to mainly mediate the health benefits of tomato products. Anticancer activity of tomato products and lycopene has been suggested by numerous studies. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of ingestion of three different tomato-based foodstuffs on plasma contents of lycopene, tocopherols and ascorbic acid. Because isomers of lycopene may have different biological activities, a special interest was to look how the lycopene isomer pattern is changed depending on the matrix of tomato products. Following a 2-week depletion phase volunteers ingested 12·5mg lycopene/d for 4 weeks comprising tomatoes, tomato juice or tomato purée. The basal levels of lycopene in plasma were comparable for all groups and decreased significantly during the 2 weeks of depletion to approximately half of the basal values. Following intervention, plasma lycopene concentration increased significantly. Conversely, supplementation did not significantly affect levels of tocopherols and ascorbic acid in plasma. Regarding isomers of lycopene, the (Z)-lycopene:(all-E)-lycopene plasma isomer ratio was significantly changed during the study for all groups. A remarkable enrichment of the relative contents of (5Z)-lycopene was observed during the depletion period, which supports the hypothesis that lycopene (Z)-isomers are formed within the human body after ingestion of (all-E)-lycopene. After dietary intervention with lycopene-rich products the isomer ratios returned to those observed at the start of the study. Further investigations will clarify the process of isomerisation in more detail.

Keywords

Tomato products(all-E)-LycopeneLycopene (Z)-isomersAscorbic acidTocopherolsHuman bioavailability
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 95 , Issue 4 , April 2006 , pp. 734 - 741
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2006

References

Allen, CM, Schwartz, SJ, Craft, NE, Giovannucci, EL, De Groff, VL, Clinton, SK, Changes in plasma and oral mucosal lycopene isomer concentrations in healthy adults consuming standard servings of processed tomato products. Nutr Cancer (2003) 47 48–56.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Balz, M, Schulte, E, Thier, H-P, Trennung von tocopherolen und tocotrienolen durch HPLC, (Separation of tocopherols and tocotrienols during HPLC). Fat Wis Technol (1992) 94 209–213.Google Scholar
Bieri, JG, Brown, ED, Smith, JC, Determination of individual carotenoids in human plasma by high performance liquid chromatography. J Liquid Chromatogr (1985) 8 473–484.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Böhm, V, Use of column temperature to optimize carotenoid isomer separation by C30 high performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci (2001) 24 955–959.3.0.CO;2-B>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Böhm, V, Bitsch, R, Intestinal absorption of lycopene from different matrices and interactions to other carotenoids, the lipid status, and the antioxidant capacity of human plasma. Eur J Nutr (1999) 38 118–125.Google ScholarPubMed
Böhm, V, Puspitasari-Nienaber, NL, Ferruzzi, MG, Schwartz, SJ, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity of different geometrical isomers of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lycopene, and zeaxanthin. J Agric Food Chem (2002) 50 221–226.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boileau, AC, Merchen, NR, Wasson, K, Atkinson, CA, Erdman, JW, Cis-lycopene is more bioavailable than trans-lycopene in vitro and in vivo in lymph-cannulated ferrets. J Nutr (1999) 129 1176–1181.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boileau, TW, Boileau, AC, Erdman, JW, Bioavailability of alltrans and cis-isomers of lycopene. Exp Biol Med (2002) 227 914–919.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Borel, P, Grolier, P, Armand, M, Partier, A, Lafont, H, Lairon, D, Azais, Braesco, Carotenoids in biological emulsions: solubility, surface-to-core distribution, and release from lipid droplets. J Lipid Res (1996) 37 250–261.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Breinholt, V, Lauridsen, ST, Daneshvar, B, Jakobsen, J, Doseresponse effect of lycopene on selected drug-metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes in the rat. Cancer Lett (2000) 154 201–210.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Britton, G, Structure and properties of carotenoids in relation to function. FASEB J (1995) 9 1551–1558.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clinton, SK, Lycopene: chemistry, biology, and implications for human health, and disease. Nutr Rev (1998) 56 35–51.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clinton, SK, Emenhiser, C, Schwartz, SJ, Bostwick, DJ, Williams, AW, Moore, BJ, Erdman, jr JW, Cis-trans lycopene isomers, carotenoids, and retinol in the human prostate. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev (1996) 5 823–833.Google ScholarPubMed
Cohen, LA, A review of animal model studies of tomato carotenoids, lycopene, and cancer chemoprevention. Exp Biol Med (2002) 227 864–868.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Craft, NE, Brown, ED, Smith, JC jr, Effects of storage and handling conditions on concentrations of individual carotenoids, retinal, and tocopherols in plasma. Clin Chem (1988) 34 44–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DiMascio, P, Kaiser, S, Sies, H, Lycopene as the most efficient biological carotenoid singlet oxygen quencher Arch Biochem Biophys (1989) 274 532–538.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edwards, AJ, Vinyard, BT, Wiley, ER, Brown, ED, Collins, JK, Perkins-Veazie, P, Baker, RA, Clevidence, BA, Consumption of watermelon juice increases plasma concentrations of lycopene and beta-carotene in humans. J Nutr (2003) 133 1043–1050.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Etminan, M, Takkouche, B, Caamano-Isorna, F, The role of tomato products and lycopene in the prevention of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev (2004) 13 340–345.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ferruzzi, MG, Nguyen, ML, Sander, LC, Rock, CL, Schwartz, SJ, Analysis of lycopene geometrical isomers in biological microsamples by liquid chromatography with coulometric array detection. J Chromatogr (2001) 760B 289–299.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fröhlich, k, Conrad, J, Schmid, A, Bitsch, R, Breithaupt, DE, Böhm, v, Isolation and structural elucidation of prominent geometrical isomers of lycopene. Carotenoid Sci (2005) 9 89.Google Scholar
Gahler, S, Otto, K, Böhm, v, Alterations of vitamin C, total phenolics, and antioxidant capacity as affected by processing tomatoes to different products. J Agric Food Chem (2003) 51 7962–7968.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gärtner, c, Stahl, W, Sies, H, Lycopene is more bioavailable from tomato paste than from fresh tomatoes Am J Clin Nutr (1997) 66 116–122.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Giovannucci, E, Rimm, EB, Liu, Y, Stampfer, MJ, Willet, WC, A prospective study of tomato products, lycopene, and prostate cancer risk J Natl Cancer Inst (2002) 94 391–398.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hadley, CW, Clinton, SK, Schwartz, SJ, The consumption of processed tomato products enhances plasma lycopene concentrations in association with a reduced lipoprotein sensitivity to oxidative damage. J Nutr (2003) 133 727–739.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holloway, DE, Yang, M, Paganga, G, Rice-Evans, CA, Bramley, PM, Isomerization of dietary lycopene during assimilation and transport in plasma. Free Radic Res (2000) 32 93–102CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Karas, M, Amir, H, Fishman, D, Danilenko, M, Segal, S, Nahum, A, Koifmann, A, Giat, Y,Levy, J, Sharoni, Y, Lycopene interferes with cell cycle progression and insulin-like growth factor I signaling in mammary cancer cells. Nutr Cancer (2000) 36 101–111.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klipstein-Grobusch, K, Launer, LJ, Geleijnse, JM, Boeing, H, Hofman, A, Witteman, JC, Serum carotenoids and atherosclerosis: The Rotterdam Study Atherosclerosis (2000) 148 49–56.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Levy, Y, Bosin, E, Feldman, B, Giat, Y, Miinster, A, Danilenko, M, Sharoni, Y, Lycopene is a more potent inhibitor of human cancer cell proliferation than either a-carotene or β-carotene. Nutr Cancer (1995) 24 257–266.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Müller, H, Bub, A, Watzl, B, Rechkemmer, G, Plasma concentrations of carotenoids in healthy volunteers after intervention with carotenoid-rich foods. Eur J Nutr (1999) 38 35–44.Google ScholarPubMed
Nguyen, ML, Schwartz, SJ, Lycopene stability during food processing. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med (1998) 218 101–105.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Paetau, I, Khachik, F, Brown, ED, Beecher, GR, Kramer, TR, Chittams, J, Clevidence, BA, Chronic ingestion of lycopene-rich tomato juice or lycopene supplements significantly increases plasma concentration of lycopene and related tomato carotenoids in humans. Am J Clin Nutr (1998) 68 1187–1195.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parker, RS, Bioavailability of carotenoids. Eur J Clin Nutr (1997) 51 86–90Google ScholarPubMed
Pelz, R, Schmidt-Faber, B, Heseker, H, Carotenoid intake in the German National Food Consumption Survey. Z Ernährungswiss (1998) 37 319–327.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Porrini, m, Riso, p, Testolin, g, Absorption of lycopene from single or daily portions of raw and processed tomato Br J Nutr (1998) 80 353–361.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rao, AV, Agarwal, S, Role of lycopene as antioxidant carotenoid in the prevention of chronic diseases a review. Nutr Res (1999) 19 305–323.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Re, R, Fraser, PD, Long, M, Bramley, PM, Rice-Evans, C, Isomerization of lycopene in the gastric milieu Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2001) 281 576–581.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Richelle, M, Bortlik, K, Liardet, S, Hager, C, Lambelet, P, Baur, M, Applegate, LA, Offord, EA, A food-based formulation provides lycopene with the same bioavailability to humans as that from tomato paste. J Nutr (2002) 132 404–408CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schierle, J, Bretzel, W, Bühler, I, Faccin, N, Hess, D, Steiner, K,Schuep, W, Content and isomeric ratio of lycopene in food and human blood plasma. Food Chem (1997) 59 810–814.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seybold, C, Fröhlich, k, Bitsch, R, Otto, K, Böhm, v, Changes in contents of carotenoids and vitamin E during tomato processing. J Agric Food Chem (2004) 52 7005–7010CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sharoni, Y, Danilenko, M, Dubi, N, Ben-Dor, A, Levy, J, Carotenoids and transcription. Arch Biochem Biophys (2004) 430 89–96.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shi, J, Le Maguer, M, Lycopene in tomatoes: chemical and physical properties affected by food processing. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr (2004) 40 1–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Speitling, A, Hüppe, R, Kohlmeier, M, Matiaske, B, Stelte, W, Thefeld, W & Wetzel, SMethodological handbook, nutrition survey and risk factors analysis. In VERA Publications Series, [Kübler, W, Anders, H-J, Heeschen, W and Kohlmeier, M, editors]. Niederkleen, GermanyWissenschaftlicher Fachverlag Dr Fleck 1A (1992) 103–105Google Scholar
Stahl, W & Sies, H (1992) Uptake of lycopene and its geometrical isomers is greater from heat-processed than from unprocessed tomato juice in humans. J Nutr 122 2161–2166CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stahl, W, von Laar, J, Martin, HD, Emmerich, T & Sies, HStimulation of gap junctional communication: comparison of acyclo-retinoic acid and lycopene. Arch Biochem Biophys (2000) 373 271–274CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tang, L, Lin, T, Zeng, X & Wang, J-SLycopene inhibits the growth of human androgen-independent prostate cancer cells in vitro and in BALB/c nude mice. J Nutr (2005) 135 287–290CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tyssandier, V, Feillet-Coudray, C, Caris-Veyrat, Cet al. Effect of tomato product consumption on the plasma status of antioxidant microconstituents and on the plasma total antioxidant capacity in healthy subjects. J Am Coll Nutr (2004) 23 148–156CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tyssandier, V, Reboul, E, Dumas, J-F, Bouteloup-Demange, C, Armand, M, Marcand, J, Sallas, M & Borel, PProcessing of vegetableborne carotenoids in the human stomach and duodenum. Am J Physiol (2003) 284 G913–G923Google ScholarPubMed
van het Hof, KH, de Boer, BC, Tijburg, LB, Lucius, BR, Zijp, I, West, CE, Hautvast, JG & Weststrate, JACarotenoid bioavailability in humans from tomatoes processed in different ways determined from the carotenoid response in the triglyceride-richlipoprotein fraction of plasma after a single consumption and in plasma after four days of consumption. J Nutr (2000) 130 1189–1196Google ScholarPubMed
Zhang, L-X, Cooney, RV & Bertram, JSCarotenoids enhance gap junctional communication and inhibit lipid peroxidation in C3H/10T1/2 cells: relationship to their cancer chemopreventive action. Carcinogenesis (1991) 12 2109–2114CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed