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Free and esterified fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis in adult malesand its effect on the doubly-labelled water method

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

P. Haggarty ,
P. Shetty ,
S. Thangam ,
S. Kumar ,
A. Kurpad ,
J. Ashton ,
E. Milne  and
C. Earl
P. Haggarty*
Affiliation:
Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, AB21 9SB, UK
P. Shetty
Affiliation:
Nutrition Research Centre, St John's Medical College, Bangalore, India London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 2 Taviton Street, London WC1H 0BT, UK
S. Thangam
Affiliation:
Nutrition Research Centre, St John's Medical College, Bangalore, India
S. Kumar
Affiliation:
Nutrition Research Centre, St John's Medical College, Bangalore, India
A. Kurpad
Affiliation:
Nutrition Research Centre, St John's Medical College, Bangalore, India
J. Ashton
Affiliation:
Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, AB21 9SB, UK
E. Milne
Affiliation:
Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, AB21 9SB, UK
C. Earl
Affiliation:
Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, AB21 9SB, UK
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Paul Haggarty, present address Nutrition and Early Development Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen Maternity Hospital, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB9 2ZD, UK, fax +44 (0)1224 684880, email p.haggarty@abdn.ac.uk
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Abstract

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The purpose of the present study was to estimate whole-body fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis in weight-stable adults and to determine the likely effect on the doubly-labelled water (DLW) method for measuring energy expenditure. Synthesis was measured by 2H incorporation over 14 d in six adult males in approximate energy balance following noradrenaline infusion to maximize mobilization of free fatty acid from adipose tissue. The inter-individual variation in synthesis rates was large and in one subject the proportion of free fatty acid synthesized was ten times that of the mean of the rest of the group; the fasting concentration of esterified fatty acid in this subject was five times that of the rest of the group indicating likely violation of the assumptions underlying the calculation of whole-body synthesis. After 14 d of labelling in the other five subjects, 0·9 (SEM 0·3) % OF THE CIRCULATING FREE FATTY ACID, 9·3 (sem 3·0) % of the esterified fatty acid, 14·6 (sem 2·4) % of the free cholesterol and 28·3 (sem 3·7) % of esterified cholesterol had been synthesized de novo. A high rate of synthesis correlated with a low pre-dose 2H abundance both within and between lipid classes suggesting that natural 2H abundance variations in some lipid classes may be used to determine their metabolic origin. Whole-body synthetic rates were 8 g/d for fatty acid and 0·3–0·5 g/d for cholesterol. These values correspond to very small errors on DLW-derived estimates of CO2 production; -2·5 litres/d for fatty acid and -0·1 to -0·2 litres/d for cholesterol. These results, obtained in subjects typically consuming a diet with a lower fat and cholesterol content that the typical Western diet, suggest that the DLW method is unlikely to be affected by fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis in subjects in energy balance consuming a typical Western diet.

Keywords

DeuteriumDoubly-labelled waterEnergy expenditureLipid synthesis
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 83 , Issue 3 , March 2000 , pp. 227 - 234
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2000

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