Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T09:13:32.929Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The influence of a fish oil high in docosahexaenoic acid on plasma lipoprotein and vitamin E concentrations and haemostatic function in healthy male volunteers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

T. A. B. Sanders  and
Alison Hinds
T. A. B. Sanders
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, King's College London, Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH
Alison Hinds
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, King's College London, Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Nine healthy male subjects consumed a daily fish oil supplement providing 2.1 g docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 n-3; DHA) and 0.8 g eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 n-3; EPA) for 6 weeks. The proportion of EPA and DHA in plasma, erythrocytes, leucocytes and platelet phospholipids was increased by the supplement. Plasma concentration of triacylglycerol and very-low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol were lowered and those of high-density-lipotrotein (HDL)- and HDL2-cholesterol and apoprotein B were increased. Platelet aggregation and thromboxane B2 production induced by collagen were partially inhibited. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure fell during treatment and rose following withdrawal of the supplement. Statistically significant reductions in erythrocyte counts, packed cell volume and haemoglobin and increases in total leucocyte and monocyte counts occurred with the supplement. Plasma α-tocopherol concentrations fell below the normal range during the period of supplementation. It is suggested that future studies consider components other than EPA in fish oil. Further studies are needed to investigate the extent to which fish oil increases the requirement for antioxidant nutrients.

Keywords

Dietary fatCoronary risk factorsVitamin EPolyunsaturated fatty acidsFish oil
Type
Lipid Metabolism
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 68 , Issue 1 , July 1992 , pp. 163 - 173
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1992

References

REFERENCES

Abbey, M., Clifton, P., Belling, B. & Nestel, P. J. (1990). Effect of fish oil on lipoproteins, lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase, and lipid transfer protein activity in humans. Arteriosclerosis 10, 85–94.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ackman, R. G. (1982). Fatty acids composition of fish oils. In Nutritional Evaluation of Long-chain Fatty Acids in Fish Oils, pp. 25–88. [Barlow, S. M. and Stansby, M. E., editors]. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Bachorik, P. S., Walker, R. E. & Virgil, D. G. (1984). High density lipoprotein cholesterol in heparin-manganese supernates determined with the Dow enzyme method after precipitation with HCO3. Clinical Chemistry 30, 839–842.Google Scholar
Baron, D. N. & Ahmed, S. A. (1969). Intracellular concentrations of water and of the principal electrolytes determined by analysis of isolated human leucocytes. Clinical Science 37, 205–219.Google ScholarPubMed
Bjorneboe, A., Bjorneboe, G. A. & Drevon, C. A. (1990). Absorption, transport and distribution of vitamin E. Journal of Nutrition 120, 233–242.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bjorneboe, A., Smith, A. K., Gunn-Elin, A. A., Bjornboe, P. O., Thune, P. O. & Drevon, C. A. (1988). Effect of dietary supplementation with n-3 fatty acids on clinical manifestations of psoriasis. British Journal of Dermatology 118, 77–83.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bonaa, K. H., Bjerve, K. S., Straume, B., Gram, I. T. & Thelle, D. (1990). Effect of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids on blood pressure in hypertension: a population-based intervention trial from the Tromso study. New England Journal of Medicine 322, 795–801.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Charnock, J. S., Turner, J. & McIntosh, G. H. (1987). The occurrence of cardiac lipidosis and necrotic lesions in the hearts of rats following long-term feeding of different lipid supplemented diets. Journal of Nutritional Sciences and Vitaminology 33, 75–87.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Christie, W. W. (1982). Lipid Analysis. Oxford: Pergamon Press.Google Scholar
Corey, E. J., Shih, C. & Cashman, J. R. (1983). Docosahexaenoic acid is a strong inhibitor of prostaglandin but not leukotriene biosynthesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 80, 3581–3584.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Danse, L. H. & Verschuren, P. M. (1978). Fish oil-induced yellow fat disease in rats. Veterinary Pathology 15, 544–548.Google Scholar
Driskell, W. J., Neese, J. W., Bryant, C. C. & Bashor, M. M. (1982). Measurement of vitamin A and vitamin E in human serum by high-performance liquid chromatography. Journal of Chromatography 231, 439–444.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fischer, S., Vischer, A., Preac-Mursic, V. & Weber, P. C. (1987). Dietary docosahexacnoic acid is retroconverted in man to eicosapentaenoic acid, which can be quickly transformed into prostaglandin I3. Prostaglandins 34, 367–375.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gidez, L. I., Miller, G. J. & Burstein, M. (1982). Separation and quantitation of subclasses of human plasma high density lipoproteins by a simple precipitation procedure. Journal of Lipid Research 25, 1206–1223.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goodnight, S. H. (1986). The anti-thrombotic effects of fish oil. In Health Effects of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Seafoods, pp. 135–149 [Simopoulos, A., Kiefer, R. R. and Roy, R. E., editors]. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Haines, A. P., Sanders, T. A. B., Imeson, J. D., Mahler, R. E., Martin, J., Mistry, M., Vickers, M. & Wallace, P. G. (1986). Effects of a fish oil supplement on platelet function and haemostatic variables and albuminuria in insulin dependent diabetics. Thrombosis Research 43, 643–655.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harris, W. S. (1989). Fish oils and plasma lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in humans: a critical review. Journal of Lipid Research 30, 785–807.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harris, W. S., Connor, W. E., Illingworth, D. A., Rothrock, D. M. & Foster, D. M. (1990). Effects of fish oil on VLDL triglyceride kinetics in humans. Journal of Lipid Research 31, 1549–1558.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kesaniemi, Y. A., Belz, W. F. & Grundy, S. M. (1985). Comparison of clofibrate and caloric restriction on kinetics of very low density lipoprotein triglycerides. Arteriosclerosis 5, 153–161.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knapp, H. R. & Fitzgerald, G. A. (1989). The antihypertensive effects of fish oil. A controlled study of polyunsaturated fatty acids supplements in essential hypertension. New England Journal of Medicine 320, 1037–1043.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knapp, H. R., Reilly, A. G., Allesandrini, P. & Fitzgerald, G. A. (1985). In vivo indexes of platelet and vascular function during fish oil administration in patients with atherosclerosis. New England Journal of Medicine 314, 937–942.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lutalo-Bosa, A. J., Adolphson, J. L. & Albers, J. J. (1985). Evaluation of the measurement of B protein of plasma LDL by radioimmunodiffusion. Journal of Lipid Research 26, 995–1001.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McLennan, P. L., Abeywardena, M. Y. & Charnock, J. S. (1990). Reversal of the arrhythmogenic effects of long-term saturated fatty acids intake by dietary n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 51, 53–58.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mortensen, J. Z., Schmidt, E. B., Neilsen, A. H. & Dyerberg, J. (1983). The effect of n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on haemostasis, blood lipids and blood pressure. Thrombosis and Haemostasis 50, 543–546.Google ScholarPubMed
Rogers, S., James, K. S., Butland, B. K., Etherington, M. D., O'Brien, J. R. & Jones, J. G. (1987). Effects of a fish oil supplement on serum lipids, blood pressure, bleeding time, haemostatic and rheological variables: a double blind randomised controlled trial in healthy volunteers. Atherosclerosis 63, 137–143.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sanders, T. A. B., Hinds, A. & Perreira, C. C. (1989). Influence of n-3 fatty acids on blood lipids in normal subjects. Journal of Internal Medicine 225, Suppl. 1, 99–104.Google Scholar
Sanders, T. A. B. & Roshanai, F. (1983). The influence of different types of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on blood lipids and platelet function in healthy volunteers. Clinical Science 64, 91–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanders, T. A. B., Vickers, M. & Haines, A. P. (1981). Effect on blood lipids and haemostasis of a supplement of cod-liver oil, rich in eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, in healthy young men. Clinical Science 61, 317–324.Google Scholar
Singer, P., Wirth, M., Voigt, S., Richter-Heinrich, E., Godicke, W., Berger, I., Naumann, E., Listing, J., Hartrodt, W. & Taube, C. (1985). Blood pressure- and lipid-lowering effect of mackerel and herring diet in patients with mild essential hypertension. Atherosclerosis 56, 223–235.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
SPSS/PC+ (1986). Statistical Package for the Social Sciences: Advanced Statistics. Chicago, II, USA: SPSS Inc.Google Scholar
Steinberg, D., Parthasarathy, S., Carew, T. E., Khoo, J. C. & Witzum, J. L. (1989). Beyond cholesterol. Modifications of low-density lipoprotein that increase its atherogenicity. New England Journal of Medicine 320, 915–923.Google ScholarPubMed
Sullivan, D. R., Sanders, T. A. B., Trayner, I. M. & Thompson, G. R. (1986). Paradoxical elevation of LDL apoprotein B levels in hypertriglyceridaemic patients and normal subjects ingesting fish oil. Atherosclerosis 61, 129–134.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Terpstra, A. H. M., Woodward, C. & Sanchez-Muniz, F. J. (1981). Improved technique for the separation of serum lipoproteins by density gradient ultracentrifugations. Visualisation by prestaining and rapid separation of serum lipoproteins from small volumes of serum. Analytical Biochemistry 111, 149–157.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Underwood, B. (1976). Vitamin deficiency signs in man: vitamin E. In CRC Handbook Series in Nutrition and Food, Section E, Nutritional Disorders, vol. 3, pp. 123–133, [Rechcigl, M., editor]. West Palm Beach, Fl, USA: CRC Press.Google Scholar
van Houwelingen, A. C., Nordoy, A., Beek, E. V. D., Houtsmuller, U. M. T., Metz, M. D. & Hornstra, G. (1987). Effect of moderate fish intake on blood pressure, bleeding time, hematology and clinical chemistry in healthy males. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 46, 871–873.Google Scholar
Von Schacky, C. & Weber, P. C. (1985). Metabolism and effects on platelet function of the purified eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in humans. Journal of Clinical Investigation 76, 2446–2450.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wahlquist, M. I., Lo, C. S. & Myers, K. A. (1989). Fish intake and arterial wall characteristics in healthy people and diabetic patients. Lancet ii, 944–946.CrossRefGoogle Scholar