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The ingestion of saturated fatty acid triacylglycerols acutely affects insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in human subjects

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Melania Manco ,
Alessandro Bertuzzi ,
Serenella Salinari ,
Antonino Scarfone ,
Menotti Calvani ,
Aldo V. Greco  and
Geltrude Mingrone
Melania Manco*
Affiliation:
Institute of Internal Medicine, Catholic University S. Cuore, School of Medicine, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
Alessandro Bertuzzi
Affiliation:
Institute of Systems Analysis and Informatics – CNR, Rome, Italy
Serenella Salinari
Affiliation:
Department of Systems Analysis and Informatics, University of Rome ‘La Sapienza’, Rome, Italy
Antonino Scarfone
Affiliation:
Institute of Internal Medicine, Catholic University S. Cuore, School of Medicine, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
Menotti Calvani
Affiliation:
Institute of Internal Medicine, Catholic University S. Cuore, School of Medicine, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
Aldo V. Greco
Affiliation:
Institute of Internal Medicine, Catholic University S. Cuore, School of Medicine, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
Geltrude Mingrone
Affiliation:
Institute of Internal Medicine, Catholic University S. Cuore, School of Medicine, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Melania Manco, fax +39 06 3054392, email melania.manco@rm.unicatt.it
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Abstract

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To assess the effects of acute dietary saturated fat intake on glucose-induced insulin secretion rate (ISR), measured by the C-peptide deconvolution method, and on insulin clearance and sensitivity, five obese and five normal-weight women (controls) were studied after either a 100g oral butter load or a 100ml water load. At 120min after the oral load a hyperglycaemic clamp was performed over 180min. A dramatic increase of ISR occurred after butter compared with the water challenge in the controls (1305·6 (SE 124·1) v. 616·1 (SE 52·5) pmol/min; P<0·01) and to a lesser degree in the obese subjects (1975·0 (SE 44·1) v. 1417·5 (SE 56·0) pmol/min; P<0·05). Insulin sensitivity was impaired after butter (0·60×10−2 (SE 0·11×10−2) v. 2·26×10−2 (SE 0·32×10−2) ml/min per kgFFM per (pmol/l); P<0·01) in the controls but not in the obese group. Insulin clearance during the clamp was reduced after butter compared with after the water load only in the controls (0·89 (SE 0·22) v. 1·70 (SE 0·15) litres/min; P<0·01). The data are consistent with the hypothesis that acute excess lipid availability may lead to a compensatory elevation in glucose-induced insulin secretion as a result of the decline in insulin sensitivity and a reduced insulin clearance.

Keywords

Insulin secretionTriacylglycerolsNon-esterified fatty acidsInsulin resistanceObesity
Type
Review Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 92 , Issue 6 , December 2004 , pp. 895 - 903
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2004

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