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Intestinal, hepatic, and circulating vitamin K levels at low and high intakes of vitamin K in rats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Terhi J. Koivu-Tikkanen ,
Leon J. Schurgers ,
Henk H. W. Thijssen  and
Cees Vermeer
Terhi J. Koivu-Tikkanen
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Finland
Leon J. Schurgers
Affiliation:
Cardiovascular Research Institute (CARIM) University of Maastricht, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
Henk H. W. Thijssen
Affiliation:
Cardiovascular Research Institute (CARIM) University of Maastricht, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
Cees Vermeer*
Affiliation:
Cardiovascular Research Institute (CARIM) University of Maastricht, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Cees Vermeer, fax +31 43 388 4160, email c.vermeer@bioch.unimaas.nl
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Abstract

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The aim of the present study was to assess how high doses of dietary vitamin K influence the intestinal profile of K-vitamins in vitamin K-deficient rats, and whether the induced changes are reflected in the hepatic vitamin K store. Vitamin K-deficient rats were fed for 10 d on diets containing different forms of vitamin K, and it was determined how these diets affected the vitamin K concentration at various sites of the instestine, serum, and the liver. It was found that the absorption of phylloquinone from standard food is not more than 10 %, while the absorption of pharmacological doses of oil-solubilized phylloquinone and menaquinone-4 was also far from complete (18 and 55 % respectively). High intakes of phylloquinone suppress the colonic production of all higher menaquinones. High menaquinone-4 intake induces very high menaquinone-8 concentrations, both in the colonic contents as well as in the liver. These data suggest that menaquinone-4 may be converted into menaquinone-8 (but not into other menaquinones) via a metabolic pathway which has not been reported previously.

Keywords

PhylloquinoneMenaquinoneVitamin K
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 83 , Issue 2 , February 2000 , pp. 185 - 190
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2000

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